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Kolumne Wirtschaftspsychologie
So manchen Mythos in der HR-Welt konnte Professor Uwe P. Kanning schon in seiner Kolumne aufklären. Mit psychologischen Fakten und einer großen Portion bissigem Humor begegnet er den Anhängern des Bauchgefühls – heute denen, die sich zu viel vom Konzept "The Work" versprechen.
Currently, the treatment of musicians is an interprofessional approach. Playing-related health complaints may impact the performance of a musician. In Germany, a medical consulting hour for musicians exists, but those for athletes in sports medicine are not so common. The diagnosing and treatment procedure within the physiotherapy consultation for musicians follows a specific concept-b and requires knowledge of instruments and musician-specific complaints. Based on the consulting hour in a clinic in Osnabrueck, 614 case reports were part of this sample, of which 558 data sets were complete. The focus of the analysis is the instrument and the primary complaint. Also, the type of therapy is characterized, and the amount is calculated. Primary complaints of musicians, in general, are found most frequently in the spine and upper extremity. Musician complaints are different between instruments. Instrumentalists have a significantly higher chance to suffer from a primary complaint in the area of the upper extremity. Furthermore, the groups without an instrument (e.g., singing or dancing) are developing complaints in the anatomical area which they primarily use. Therefore, these types of therapy were used: physiotherapy, manual therapy, and osteopathy with an average of 5.9 treatment units. This study underpinned the importance of musician-specific physiotherapy as a profession to treat musicians. Also, an interdisciplinary approach is necessary to treat all aspects of complaints.
Transport operations are climate sensitive. Despite this, scientific literature and corporate practice present little evidence on how corporate actors use climate adaptation measures to prepare their transport operations for climate change. This paper explores two research questions: How can the acceptance among corporate decision-makers towards climate adaptation measures for their transport operations be explained? Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Diffusion of Innovations we develop a theoretical framework for dealing with climate adaptation measures for transport operations (step 1). We support the use of this framework through a literature review (1989–2020) (step 2) and semi-structured interviews with German companies that have implemented best practice measures (step 3). The results show that the handling of climate adaptation measures for transport operations can be described in three acceptance phases: acceptance of attitude, action, and use. We conclude that these phases determine the approaches required for promoting climate change adaptation.
Akzeptanz für Algorithmen
(2021)
Chronic illness can have a profound impact on couples’ relationships. In dealing with relational changes, new constructions and forms of relationships may arise. In the context of a larger grounded theory study on relational processes and practices in couples faced with chronic illness, this article focuses on concurrent relationships as an alternative form of relationship construction which embodies an additional relationship existing parallel to that of the couple confronted with chronic illness. Based on qualitative interviews with a subsample of five persons within the larger study, conditions for the development and characteristics of concurrent relationships are presented. From an individual and shared life questioned by chronic illness, concurrent relationships are formed in the attempt to be able to live on together in a new partner relationship and a continued care relationship. This can lead to new constructions of relationships, family life, and social relations in everyday life.
Background:
Contact tracing apps are potentially useful tools for supporting national COVID-19 containment strategies. Various national apps with different technical design features have been commissioned and issued by governments worldwide.
Objective:
Our goal was to develop and propose an item set that was suitable for describing and monitoring nationally issued COVID-19 contact tracing apps. This item set could provide a framework for describing the key technical features of such apps and monitoring their use based on widely available information.
Methods:
We used an open-source intelligence approach (OSINT) to access a multitude of publicly available sources and collect data and information regarding the development and use of contact tracing apps in different countries over several months (from June 2020 to January 2021). The collected documents were then iteratively analyzed via content analysis methods. During this process, an initial set of subject areas were refined into categories for evaluation (ie, coherent topics), which were then examined for individual features. These features were paraphrased as items in the form of questions and applied to information materials from a sample of countries (ie, Brazil, China, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, and the United Kingdom [England and Wales]). This sample was purposefully selected; our intention was to include the apps of different countries from around the world and to propose a valid item set that can be relatively easily applied by using an OSINT approach.
Results:
Our OSINT approach and subsequent analysis of the collected documents resulted in the definition of the following five main categories and associated subcategories: (1) background information (open-source code, public information, and collaborators); (2) purpose and workflow (secondary data use and warning process design); (3) technical information (protocol, tracing technology, exposure notification system, and interoperability); (4) privacy protection (the entity of trust and anonymity); and (5) availability and use (release date and the number of downloads). Based on this structure, a set of items that constituted the evaluation framework were specified. The application of these items to the 10 selected countries revealed differences, especially with regard to the centralization of the entity of trust and the overall transparency of the apps’ technical makeup.
Conclusions:
We provide a set of criteria for monitoring and evaluating COVID-19 tracing apps that can be easily applied to publicly issued information. The application of these criteria might help governments to identify design features that promote the successful, widespread adoption of COVID-19 tracing apps among target populations and across national boundaries.
Praxiswissen Logopädie
Das erfolgreiche Lehrbuch in der 7. Auflage vermittelt Lernenden und Lehrenden in der Logopädie Grundlagen und evidenzbasiertes Wissen für eine Therapie von Aphasie nach ICF. Die detaillierte Beschreibung spezifischer Beeinträchtigungen, z.B. von Alexien, Agraphien und Akalkulien, ermöglicht eine umfassende Diagnostik und Therapie kommunikativer Störungen nach Schlaganfall. Hinweise zur Phase der Rehabilitation und zu Erholungsprozessen des Gehirns helfen gezielt bei der Planung und Durchführung der Aphasietherapie. Zu den einzelnen Störungsbereichen wie beim Sprachverständnis, Wortfindung oder Wortabruf oder der Satzbildung finden Therapeuten bewährte Übungen, Hilfen und ausgewähltes Übungsmaterial. Auch auf Krankheitsbewältigung, soziale Integration und berufliche Reintegration wird eingegangen. Damit können Sie ein störungsspezifisches und individuell angepasstes Vorgehen für Ihre Patienten entwickeln.
Der Inhalt
• Grundlagen der Aphasiologie
• Sprachverarbeitungsmodelle und ihre Anwendung in der Diagnostik und Therapie
• Anamnese, Diagnostik, Planung und Durchführung der Behandlung
• Beratung von Patienten und Angehörigen
• Qualitätssicherung und evidenzbasierte Praxis
Die 7. Auflage wurde umfassend überarbeitet und um zahlreiche Themen ergänzt, w.z.B. Bildgebung und Neuromodulation, partizipationsorientierte Diagnostik, Methoden der Unterstützten Kommunikation und technologiegestützten Aphasietherapie.
Plus: Exkurse ermöglichen gezielt eine thematische Vertiefung.
Ein Standard für die Behandlung von Patienten mit Aphasie für Auszubildende und Studierende der Logopädie sowie bereits erfahrene Sprachtherapeutinnen und Sprachtherapeuten zum Nachschlagen und Vertiefen.