580 Pflanzen (Botanik)
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Heutzutage möchten Golfspieler ihre sportlichen Aktivitäten saison- und witterungsunabhängig durchführen. Dies führt meistens zu einer Übernutzung der Abschlagflächen und schließlich zu einer stark verminderten Rasenqualität. Der damit verbundene, hohe Pflegeaufwand ist nicht unerheblich. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurde das Hybridrasensystem CombiGrass der Firma Eurogreen auf verschiedenen Abschlagflächen von vier ausgewählten Golfanlagen mit Naturrasen verglichen. Es wurden die Parameter Ebenflächigkeit, Drehwiderstand, Kraftabbau, Energierückgabe, vertikale Deformation und Bodenfeuchtigkeit bestimmt. Außerdem wurde die projektive Bodendeckung der Rasennarbe vor und nach mehreren Golfabschlägen untersucht, um mögliche Unterschiede im Grünanteil zwischen Natur- und Hybridrasen festzustellen. Zusätzlich wurden eine quantitative Golfspielerbefragung und eine qualitative Expertenbefragung der Head-Greenkeeper durchgeführt. Die Messergebnisse der Untersuchungen wurden direkt mit den Ergebnissen beider Befragungen verglichen. Durch die Verwendung von CombiGrass, insbesondere unter feuchten Bedingungen und in schattigen Lagen, konnten Bespielbarkeit und Standfestigkeit sowie das Erscheinungsbild und die Ebenflächigkeit auf Abschlagflächen verbessert werden. Des Weiteren wurde eine Reduzierung von herausgeschlagenen Divots, Rasenkrankheiten und Materialaufwand zur Pflege und Instandhaltung festgestellt.
The present study investigates consumers’ acceptance of Se-biofortified apples, as well as Se health and nutrition claims that have been approved by the European Commission. Despite indications that such statements are more likely to be accepted if the carrier product itself has a healthy image, unprocessed fruits biofortified with Se have not been investigated in this context yet. Apples as the most frequently-consumed type of fresh fruit in Germany may offer the potential to improve the Se status of consumers when the produce is enriched with Se. Therefore, an online survey of 356 German adults was conducted to analyze different aspects that could affect the perception of and preference for the proposed product concept by consumers. The findings indicate a moderate acceptance of Se-biofortified apples, as well as of Se health and nutrition claims among the participants. Additional information about beneficial health effects of Se had a significant impact on consumer acceptance. People who regularly eat convenience food and prefer to buy apples at supermarkets were particularly attracted by the product idea. In conclusion, the results of the study indicate good prospects for a successful introduction of Se-rich apples in the German food market, if the produce is advertised with approved health and nutrition claims.
Selenium and iodine are essential micronutrients for humans. They are often deficient in food supply due to low phytoavailable concentrations in soil. Agronomic biofortification of food
crops is one approach to overcome micronutrient malnutrition. This study focused on a pre-launch exploration of German consumers’ willingness to purchase selenium- and/or iodine-biofortified apples. For this purpose, an online survey was carried out. In this context, consumers were asked to choose their most preferred apple product from a set card of product alternatives in a discrete choice experiment (DCE). The multinomial logit model results demonstrated that German consumers’ have a particular preference for iodine-biofortified apples. Furthermore, apple choice was mainly influenced by price, health claims, and plastic-free packaging material. Viewed individually, selenium did not exert an effect on product choice whereas positive interactions between both micronutrients exist.
Consumer Acceptance and Market Potential of Iodine-Biofortified Fruit and Vegetables in Germany
(2021)
Biofortification of food crops with iodine is a novel approach to preventing iodine deficiency in humans. The present study analyses the consumer target groups and the market potential of iodine-biofortified fruit and vegetables in Germany. For this purpose, an online survey of 1016 German fruit and vegetable consumers was conducted to investigate the acceptance of different product categories as well as relevant criteria for the market launch. The results show that io-dine-biofortified fruit and vegetables are particularly attractive to consumers who purchase at farmers’ markets, organic food shops, and farm stores. Out of this group, 39% of consumers rate such iodine-rich foods as very appealing. They attach importance to food that naturally contains iodine and prefer produce from integrated domestic cultivation. With their focus on sustainability and naturalness, this group of consumers clearly differs from typical users of dietary supplements, who are primarily concerned with health benefits. However, overall about 85% of respondents would prefer biofortified fruits and vegetables to supplements to improve their iodine supply. The greatest market potential for iodine-biofortified fruit and vegetables is to be expected in super-markets, as this is the preferred food shopping location for most consumers. A total of 28% of those who buy here rate the biofortified foods presented as very appealing. Nevertheless, a successful market launch requires that the benefits of the new products are communicated according to the potential consumer group needs.