Institut für Duale Studiengänge
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In today's dynamic and interconnected industry, the development of smart product-service systems (SPSS) is crucial for long-term business success. Traditional development approaches are reaching their limits in addressing the increasing complexity and specific customer requirements. Customer-Dominant Logic (CDL) offers a promising perspective by consistently placing the customer at the centre of all activities. This article examines the integration of CDL in SPSS development and presents an innovative reference model. The model enables manufacturers to better understand their role in the customers ecosystem and contribute to customer goals through value-oriented solutions.
The packaging industry is evolving through the integration of Smart Product Service Systems (SPSS) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, driven by regulatory demands and the shift towards Industry 5.0 principles. Despite advances in automation, the integration of SPSS remains challenging, especially in terms of system adaptability. This paper explores the differing approaches of machine builders and component manufacturers in SPSS development using Design Science Research (DSR). It highlights key differences in system integration, customization, and technology deployment. While machine builders focus on integrating complex systems, component manufacturers leverage advanced technologies. These insights contribute to the development of adaptive, human-centric manufacturing systems, aligning with Industry 5.0 and the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA).
Kritische Gerontologie
(2022)
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate acceptance of preventive home visits (PHVs) for older adults in rural Germany.
Design
Qualitative descriptive approach.
Sample
We investigated the personal, individual perspective of adults aged 65 to 85, who were not yet eligible for benefits from the long‐term care insurance, were able to understand and speak German, and who lived in the municipality under study.
Measurements
Fifteen semi‐structured interviews were conducted between 02/2019 and 08/2020. They were transcribed, coded using MAXQDA, and content analyzed. Ethical approval was obtained.
Results
The acceptance of PHVs was extremely high and characterized by five main effects: very close relationship with the nurse, well‐being, empowerment, satisfaction, ambivalence. Participants wish to receive PHVs in the future and would recommend it to others. Even those with a healthy or health‐promoting lifestyle are thankful to be able to refer to the counselling sessions if life circumstances should deteriorate. Those who became care‐dependent wish to continue and perceive it as a valuable addition to their care.
Conclusion
From the participants’ point of view, this low‐threshold counselling‐and‐support approach should be maintained in the future. PHVs can support health and independence in older adults and therefore prevent them from becoming care‐dependent.
Die Dekarbonisierung industrieller Prozesswärme ist eine zentrale Herausforderung für das Erreichen der deutschen Klimaziele bis 2045. Dies betrifft besonders den Temperaturbereich unter 100°C, der mehr als zwei Drittel des industriellen Wärmebedarfs ausmacht. Brauereien sind hier ein typisches Anwendungsbeispiel, da sie hauptsächlich Temperaturen unter 120°C benötigen.
Für die klimafreundliche Wärmeerzeugung stehen unter anderem zwei solare Technologien zur Verfügung: Die klassische Solarthermie und Wärmepumpen in Kombination mit Photovoltaik. Ein Vergleich anhand einer Beispiel-Brauerei zeigt die Vor- und Nachteile beider Systeme. Die Solarthermie erreicht günstigere Wärmegestehungskosten, kann aber nur etwa die Hälfte des Wärmebedarfs decken, sodass noch andere Quellen erforderlich sind. Die Wärmepumpen-PV-Kombination deckt zwar den gesamten Bedarf, führt aber zu höheren Wärmegestehungskosten. Bei der CO2-Einsparung liegen beide Systeme gleichauf.
Die Wirtschaftlichkeit beider Lösungen hängt stark von Förderungen, Energiepreisen und den spezifischen Bedingungen vor Ort ab. Es ist empfehlenswert, zunächst das Potenzial von Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen auszuschöpfen und dann eine ganzheitliche Analyse durchzuführen, die auch die Kombination verschiedener Technologien berücksichtigt.
While previous research focused on investigating students' perceptions, few studies have analyzed students' future-oriented normative sustainability expectations from their Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in various cultural contexts. The goal of this study is to (1) identify business students' sustainability transformation expectations from their HEIs, (2) uncover potential differences in expectations across cultural environments, and (3) explain how students' sustainability expectations impact their behaviors towards HEIs. A mixed qualitative-quantitative research design using a semi-standardized questionnaire based on a sample of 239 business students from the USA and Germany was applied. Sustainability topics at HEIs are derived both from a literature review and through interviews and were categorized using content analysis. Data for the study was collected from business students in Bachelor programs at two state universities in the USA and one public university in Germany and the Kano analysis was utilized to examine students' sustainability expectations. Our analysis uncovered 19 distinct topic areas of sustainability at HEIs. Across both countries, students considered the integration of sustainability in production and consumption, as well as gender equality and inclusion, as basic requirements for future sustainability transformations. Other attributes were evaluated as indifferent. Students from the USA considered staff and faculty development opportunities or institutional support as performance attributes, while students from Germany evaluated them as indifferent. Country variations in students' expectations of key sustainability attributes from their HEIs are significantly influenced by their level of involvement in sustainability. Finally, students' expectations significantly impact their behavioral intentions. We provide managerial implications suggesting a tailored focus on sustainability attributes based on Kano categories and the country context. Furthermore, we highlight the need for further research, including replication studies in diverse cultural settings using longitudinal study designs.
Most people become more reliant on care and support as they age. The constitution of ageing people in the context of nursing support thus represents a material aspect in the daily life of these people and must be taken into account in the science of gerontology. However, theories of (geriatric) care have previously been predominantly human-centric. In light of the material turn, the goal of this paper is to highlight the potential to be found in using agential realism to critically examine geriatric care. It will begin by detailing previous perspectives on geriatric care and any use of material aspects to be found in it. It will then present a conceptual-methodical approach that allows for an examination of the act of caring, taking material aspects into account. The application of this approach to empirical material drawn from an example of acute care in Germany will, in conclusion, illustrate significant elements that, in light of agential realism, must also be taken into account when investigating what it means to provide good geriatric care.
With ongoing real-term reductions in the cost of renewable energy technologies, opportunities to reduce carbon emissions within industry have improved. While the South African industrial sector has been investing in photovoltaics to meet electricity requirements, little has been done to replace fossil fuels used for the generation of process heat, representing two-thirds of the energy consumed. While previous studies have demonstrated the benefits and limitations of solar thermal (ST) energy solutions for industrial applications, recent developments in high-temperature heat pumps (HTHP) offer opportunities for novel configurations, including the use of renewable energy like photovoltaics (PV). This study compares the techno-economic benefits of solar thermal energy systems with PV-supported HTHP systems within the South African beverage sector. After a general consideration, simulation calculations are presented for selected applications. The cost of heat is determined for PV-heat pump systems operating on a stand-alone basis and with heat storage. The study finds that the levelised cost of heat of US$0.050-0.073/kWhth is at least twice that of coal-fired steam boilers. The study, therefore, calls for further work on optimising systems minimising steam requirements, and thereby improving the economics of heat pumps and for a coordinated effort to support the development and financing of high-temperature heat pumps for industrial applications.
This study compares the technical viability and ecologic benefits of solar thermal energy systems with PV-supported heat-pump systems within the South African beverage sector. Different configurations of solar thermal (ST), photovoltaics (PV) and heat pumps are modelled and evaluated. After a general consideration, simulation results for three selected cases with operating temperatures below and above 100 °C are modelled and examined. The cost of heat and CO2 emissions are evaluated for solar thermal systems and heat-pump systems with and without photovoltaic support. The effect of “Loadshedding” is discussed, especially for the application of high-temperature heat pumps (HTHP). While batteries are quite expensive, thermal storage tanks can be used to cover most of the process heat demand. The study finds that the LCOH and CO2 emissions can be reduced significantly at temperatures below 100°C compared to oil fired boilers. When high-temperature steam is produced, the LCOH is at least twice that of coal-fired steam boilers. Furthermore, the effect of feed-in tariffs is discussed. Therefore, the study suggests the need for additional research to optimize systems that reduce steam requirements, leading to improved economics of heat pumps and solar thermal. It also calls for a collaborative effort to promote the development and funding of high-temperature heat pumps for industrial use.