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Quo vadis Oecotrophologie?
(2021)
Extending assessments of climate change-induced range shifts via correlative species distribution models by including species traits is crucial for conservation planning. However, comprehensive assessments of future distribution scenarios incorporating responses of biotic factors are poorly investigated. Therefore, the aim of our study was to extend the understanding about the combined usage of species traits data and species distribution models for different life stages and distribution scenarios. We combine global model predictions for the 2050s and thermal performances of Salmo trutta and Salmo salar under consideration of different life stages (adults, juveniles, eggs), timeframes (monthly, seasonally, yearly), and dispersal scenarios (no dispersal, free dispersal, restricted dispersal). We demonstrate that thermal performances of different life stages will either increase or decrease for certain time periods. Model predictions and thermal performances imply range declines and poleward shifts. Dispersal to suitable habitats will be an important factor mitigating warming effects; however, dams may block paths to areas linked to high performances. Our results emphasize enhanced inclusion of critical periods for species and proper dispersal solutions in conservation planning.
Abstract: Thermal response curves that depict the probability of occurrence along a thermal gradient are used to derive various species’ thermal properties and abilities to cope with warming. However, different thermal responses can be expected for different portions of a species range. We focus on differences in thermal response curves (TRCs) and thermal niche requirements for four freshwater fishes (Coregonus sardinella, Pungitius pungitius, Rutilus rutilus, Salvelinus alpinus) native to Europe at (1) the global and (2) European continental scale. European ranges captured only a portion of the global thermal range with major differences in the minimum (Tmin), maximum (Tmax) and average temperature (Tav) of the respective distributions. Further investigations of the model-derived preferred temperature (Tpref), warming tolerance (WT = Tmax − Tpref), safety margin (SM = Tpref − Tav) and the future climatic impact showed substantially differing results. All considered thermal properties either were under- or overestimated at the European level. Our results highlight that, although continental analyses have an impressive spatial extent, they might deliver misleading estimates of species thermal niches and future climate change impacts, if they do not cover the full species ranges. Studies and management actions should therefore favor whole global range distribution data for analyzing species responses to environmental gradients.
Social networking technologies such as social media, crowd concepts, or gamification represent key resources for the integration of customers, value network partners, and the community into sustainable business models. However, there is a lack of understanding of how sustainable enterprises apply such technologies. To close this gap, we propose a taxonomy of design options for social networking technologies in sustainable business models. Our taxonomy comprises eight dimensions that deal with relevant questions of the design of social networking technologies. When creating our taxonomy, we built on existing literature and use cases and involved experienced practitioners in the field of sustainable business models for the validation of our taxonomy. In this way, our study contributes to knowledge on the use of social networking technologies in sustainable business models and how such technologies influence the boundaries of sustainable business models. Likewise, we provide practical insights into the use of social networking technologies in sustainable business models.
Das Forschungsprojekt „Dorfgemeinschaft 2.0“ hat zum Ziel, dem Bedürfnis der Bürger_innen nachzukommen, auch im Alter zu Hause wohnen bleiben zu können. Die Gesundheitsversorgung im ländlichen Raum steht im Mittelpunkt. Hierfür werden regional angepasste Lösungsstrategien anhand des Design Science Ansatzes entworfen und individuelle Wünsche und Bedarfe multiperspektivisch in den Blick genommen. Vier der so entstandenen Versorgungskonzepte werden als nutzerorientierte alltags und gesundheitsbezogene Ansätze vorgestellt. Zudem werden die angedachten Kommunikationsstrukturen und das Zusammenwirken der Konzepte als Versorgungsnetz auf dem virtuellen Dorfmarktplatz beschrieben.
Führung und Controlling : Ansatzpunkte zur Gestaltung der Beziehung von Manager und Controller
(2021)
Die Wirkkraft des Controllings setzt eine stabile, partnerschaftliche Zusammenarbeit von Manager und Controller voraus, die jedoch in der Praxis häufig nicht anzutreffen ist. Vielmehr ist die Arbeitsbeziehung durch unterschiedliche Positionen zum Führungsverständnis (Führung braucht Freiräume vs. Führung muss systematisiert und quantifiziert werden) und durch unterschiedliche Erwartungen an die Aufgabenerfüllung (Rollenbild des Controllers und des Managers) gekennzeichnet. Die unterschiedlichen Standpunkte und die daraus resultierenden dysfunktionalen Verhaltensweisen (z.B. Slack, Manipulation, Ressortegoismus) bzgl. des Controllings (z.B. keine Nachfrage nach oder Zurückhaltung von Informationen, Widerstand) führen zu Reibungsverlusten, denen entgegenzuwirken ist.
Trotz Wettbewerbsdruck und Fachkräftemangel werden Marketing und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit in der Krankenhauspraxis vielfach noch vernachlässigt, die Kommunikation ist oft wenig aussagekräftig und häufig ohne Profil. Als Teil der Reihe "Health Care- und Krankenhaus-Management" veranschaulicht dieser Band die Potenziale des Marketings und präzisiert die Determinanten und Bausteine für ein integriertes marktgerichtetes Managementkonzept. Hochschulvertreter und Praktiker erläutern in Einzelbeiträgen die theoretischen Grundlagen sowie konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen.
Mountainbiking ist eine stark wachsende Natursportart mit einer hohen Teilnehmerzahl an Downhill- Mountainbikern im nördlichen Harz. Aufgrund der Wegebelastung entstehen soziale Konflikte und ökologische Auswirkungen, weshalb attraktive Strecken entwickelt und umweltschonende Lenkungsmaßnahmen durchgeführt werden müssen. Die Umfrage, die im Zuge dieser Arbeit durchgeführt wurde, ergab, dass die Anforderungen der Mountainbiker naturnahe, schmale und technisch anspruchsvolle Strecken sind. Die Auswirkungen des Mountainbikings betreffen die Tierwelt und sensible Gebiete abseits vorhandener Wege. Für die erfolgreiche Lenkung der Mountainbiker ist Kommunikation zwischen allen Beteiligten in der Landschaftsplanung erforderlich. Es ist auf eine umweltschonende Bauweise, gezielte Streckenführung, klare Beschilderungen, technische Herausforderungen und Wegequalitäten zu achten. Der Ausbau vorhandener Wegeinfrastruktur und aktive Lenkungsmaßnahmen im Harz können zu einer konfliktfreien und umweltfreundlichen Situation des Mountainbikings führen. Zusätzliche Forschungsarbeiten mit konkreten Schwerpunkten einzelner Lenkungskriterien oder ökologischen Auswirkungen können das Management von Mountainbike- Strecken erleichtern.
Thermal response curves that depict the probability of occurrence along a thermal gradient are used to derive various species’ thermal properties and abilities to cope with warming. However, different thermal responses can be expected for different portions of a species range. We focus on differences in thermal response curves (TRCs) and thermal niche requirements for four freshwater fishes (Coregonus sardinella, Pungitius pungitius, Rutilus rutilus, Salvelinus alpinus) native to Europe at (1) the global and (2) European continental scale. European ranges captured only a portion of the global thermal range with major differences in the minimum (Tmin), maximum (Tmax) and average temperature (Tav) of the respective distributions. Further investigations of the model-derived preferred temperature (Tpref), warming tolerance (WT = Tmax − Tpref), safety margin (SM = Tpref − Tav) and the future climatic impact showed substantially differing results. All considered thermal properties either were under- or overestimated at the European level. Our results highlight that, although continental analyses have an impressive spatial extent, they might deliver misleading estimates of species thermal niches and future climate change impacts, if they do not cover the full species ranges. Studies and management actions should therefore favor whole global range distribution data for analyzing species responses to environmental gradients.
The way in which brands are economically represented in the context of financial reporting is controversial in theory and practice. This holds especially against the background of the ever- increasing importance of intangible assets. Brands and the economic success associated with them are thus regarded as a key variable for overall corporate success: cash flows can be accelerated and expanded through the use of brand-strategic options, while existing risks may be mitigated. In addition to a large number of theoretical definitions, the determination of brand value from both a marketing and an accounting perspective is also characterized by a complex interaction of numerous influencing factors. This is where the International Accounting Standards IAS 38: "Intangible Assets" (isolated acquisition of a brand) and IFRS 3: "Business Combinations" (acquisition of a brand as part of a business combination) take effect: These are intended to ensure a comparable and reliable "true and fair view" for the presentation of intangible assets in international accounting. In addition to various recognition criteria, the accounting regulation here also includes the accounting valuation of intangible assets and thus also of brands. In principle, valuation in accordance with IAS 38 is based on acquisition costs. The determination of the operating life for impact evaluation is highly controversial both in literature and in practice. Under IFRS 3, acquisition costs are to be replaced by the fair value. Regardless of the method used, possible subjectivity is one of the central issues. The current discussion approach of the International Accounting Standards Board also clearly shows the need for simplification and concretization that still exists for practice: In particular, the accounting distinction between goodwill and intangible assets is the subject of discussions with the Global Preparers Forum, among others. The interests of users, preparers and auditors of corporate financial reporting must be taken into account equally. In particular, the prohibition on recognizing self-created brands in the balance sheet makes it difficult to assess their value. Furthermore, it creates a weak point in the presentation of the true and fair view of a company's financial position and financial performance that is generally required. Regardless of the previous, the current rules provide preparers and users with a basic overview of existing intangible assets. Irrespective of how valuation is determined individually, the IASB's rules thus help to create a fundamental structure. In which approach the future discussion will result in remains open.
Dieses kompakte Buch führt in die Grundlagen des Produktionscontrollings ein und folgt einem ganzheitlichen Ansatz: Bevor überhaupt produziert werden kann, ist zu entscheiden, was produziert werden soll. Daran schließen sich Standortentscheidungen und der Aufbau einer Produktionsstätte an. Im Einklang mit der Strategie ist die Produktion in taktischer und operativer Hinsicht weiterzuentwickeln. Produkt- und Prozessinnovationen sind zu entwickeln, eine nicht mehr sinnvolle Produktion ist zu beenden. Krisenbedingt können temporäre Stilllegungen hilfreich sein. Nicht außen vor bleibt das operative Tagesgeschäft, für dessen Steuerung betriebswirtschaftliche Instrumente wie Kostenrechung und Kennzahlen zum Einsatz kommen.
Aufgrund des sehr praxisorientieren Aufbaus wendet sich dieses Buch vor allem an Fach- und Führungskräfte in produzierenden Unternehmen, bspw. Führungskräfte mit einem ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Hintergrund, sowie an Studierende mit einem entsprechenden Schwerpunkt.
After hesitating until the mid-2010s, German industry has now embraced the energy transition and moved to a driver. The pioneers of change are the major energy companies, followed large parts of industry which have initiated radical changes. Even the energy-intensive industries steel and chemistry are phasing out fossil fuels.
Aims
Understanding fine-grain diversity patterns across large spatial extents is fundamental for macroecological research and biodiversity conservation. Using the GrassPlot database, we provide benchmarks of fine-grain richness values of Palaearctic open habitats for vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and complete vegetation (i.e., the sum of the former three groups).
Location
Palaearctic biogeographic realm.
Methods
We used 126,524 plots of eight standard grain sizes from the GrassPlot database: 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 m2 and calculated the mean richness and standard deviations, as well as maximum, minimum, median, and first and third quartiles for each combination of grain size, taxonomic group, biome, region, vegetation type and phytosociological class.
Results
Patterns of plant diversity in vegetation types and biomes differ across grain sizes and taxonomic groups. Overall, secondary (mostly semi-natural) grasslands and natural grasslands are the richest vegetation type. The open-access file ”GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks” and the web tool “GrassPlot Diversity Explorer” are now available online (https://edgg.org/databases/GrasslandDiversityExplorer) and provide more insights into species richness patterns in the Palaearctic open habitats.
Conclusions
The GrassPlot Diversity Benchmarks provide high-quality data on species richness in open habitat types across the Palaearctic. These benchmark data can be used in vegetation ecology, macroecology, biodiversity conservation and data quality checking. While the amount of data in the underlying GrassPlot database and their spatial coverage are smaller than in other extensive vegetation-plot databases, species recordings in GrassPlot are on average more complete, making it a valuable complementary data source in macroecology.
In recent years, various studies have highlighted the opportunities of artificial intelligence (AI) for our society. For example, AI solutions can help reduce pollution, waste, or carbon footprints. On the other hand, there are also risks associated with the use of AI, such as increasing inequality in society or high resource consumption for computing power. This paper explores the question how corporate culture influences the use of artificial intelligence in terms of sustainable development. This type of use includes a normative element and is referred to in the paper as sustainable artificial intelligence (SAI). Based on a bibliometric literature analysis, we identify features of a sustainability-oriented corporate culture. We offer six propositions examining the influence of specific manifestations on the handling of AI in the sense of SAI. Thus, if companies want to ensure that SAI is realized, corporate culture appears as an important indicator and influencing factor at the same time.
Transport operations are climate sensitive. Despite this, scientific literature and corporate practice present little evidence on how corporate actors use climate adaptation measures to prepare their transport operations for climate change. This paper explores two research questions: How can the acceptance among corporate decision-makers towards climate adaptation measures for their transport operations be explained? Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Diffusion of Innovations we develop a theoretical framework for dealing with climate adaptation measures for transport operations (step 1). We support the use of this framework through a literature review (1989–2020) (step 2) and semi-structured interviews with German companies that have implemented best practice measures (step 3). The results show that the handling of climate adaptation measures for transport operations can be described in three acceptance phases: acceptance of attitude, action, and use. We conclude that these phases determine the approaches required for promoting climate change adaptation.
1. Flower strips are a fundamental part of agri-environment schemes (AESs) introduced by the European Union to counteract the loss of biodiversity and related ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. Although vegetation composition of the strips is essential for most fauna groups, comprehensive studies analysing vegetation development and influencing factors are rare.
2. From 2017 to 2019, we investigated the vegetation composition of 40 perennial wildflower strips (WFSs) implemented in 2015 or 2016, and 20 cereal fields without WFS across Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. We analysed environmental factors on plot (cover of grasses, shading, soil fertility) and four landscape-scale levels (habitat diversity, proportion of WFS and open habitats). The provision of nectar and pollen resources was estimated by the newly developed Pollinator Feeding Index (PFI). All strips had been implemented by farmers as AES with species- rich seed mixtures comprising 30 native forbs.
3. In all study years, forb species richness, cover and related nectar and pollen supply were much higher on WFSs than on controls, confirming the effectiveness of this AES. Although sown native forbs contributed the most to the high PFI values, spontaneously established forbs expanded the total range of species considerably, especially in winter and spring. While sown forb communities remained similar over time, spontaneous forbs showed a higher species turnover. Altogether, shading and grass cover had the greatest negative effect on the performance of the sown forbs. Landscape variables had only minor effects and were inconsistent in their importance across scale levels and years.
4. Synthesis and applications. Successfully established perennial wildflower strips (WFSs) sown with species-rich native seed mixtures provided a forb-rich and diverse vegetation throughout the AES funding period of 5 years. By supplying feeding resources for pollinators under various landscape situations, WFSs have significant potential to promote farmland biodiversity and related ecosyste services. We recommend the mandatory use of species-rich wildflower mixtures for perennial flower strips and to avoid their creation in heavily shaded field edges. Advisory services for farmers are necessary to prevent failures in WFS implementation and management and to improve their ecological effectiveness.
Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, Handlungsoptionen für das Marketing Management im Umgang mit dem Thema Gleichstellung aufzuzeigen. Dazu wird auf Basis einer Literaturanalyse (1998-2018) der Begriff der Gleichstellung im Marketing anhand des Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 5 eingegrenzt und in einer Matrix nach dem Implementierungsgrad dargestellt. Von Gender Equality Marketing wird gesprochen, wenn das SDG 5 durch das Unternehmen unterstützt wird und diese Unterstützung im Rahmen aller Managementebenen gleichzeitig realisiert wird.
Die Logistikbranche ist der drittgrößte Wirtschaftsbereich Deutschlands und besonders häufig von Landnutzungskonflikten betroffen. Gründe für diese Konflikte sind z. B. die knapper werdenden Flächen in Großstädten, die Bevölkerung, die die Lärm- und Schmutzbelastung zunehmend kritisch sieht oder das zunehmend schlechte Image der Logistikbranche hinsichtlich ihres Flächenbedarfs. Die derzeitige Flächeninanspruchnahme der Logistikbranche lässt sich nicht mit der nationalen Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie bis 2030 in Einklang bringen, nach der die Neuinanspruchnahme von Flächen für Siedlungen und Verkehr auf unter 30 ha/Tag zu verringern ist. In diesem Beitrag werden am Beispiel der Fallstudie Waldbach Fulfillment Logistik e. K. Lösungsansätze für diese Problematik herausgearbeitet, indem – basierend auf einem Interview mit dem Geschäftsführer – Flächenoptimierungen erörtert werden. Dazu zählen insbesondere kooperative und betriebliche Umwelt- und Transportmanagementlösungen, um eine langfristig tragfähige regionale Entwicklung unter Einbeziehung der Interessen der Logistikbranche zu ermöglichen.
Conceptualising event value co-destruction and developing a future agenda for events research
(2021)
Purpose
Value co-destruction has received little attention in an event-related context. This appears surprising, given that the interactions among actors at an event may also reduce the value for other participants, stakeholders and that of the entire event or the event's service ecosystem. This paper first aims to conceptualise value co-destruction and to provide an overview of related research in an event context. Second, a future research agenda for value co-destruction processes in an event context is developed.
Design/methodology/approach
Journals of the “Scimago Journal and Country Rank” were systematically reviewed for the keywords “value co-destruction”, “value destruction” and “negative value co-creation”. A second literature review specifically aimed at the events context extended the search scope to non-Scimago journals, Google Scholar and Google Web using the same keywords. All identified articles were qualitatively analysed concerning (1) the conceptualisation of value co-destruction and (2) reasons for value co-destruction.
Findings
The review of previous research highlights a limited scope of analysis, a focus on value co-destruction as an outcome and on interactions at the meso-level. Based on these findings, a holistic definition of value co-destruction is proposed. The paper identifies two major directions for future studies on value co-destruction at events and suggests specific examples.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to a more holistic understanding of value co-creation and co-destruction in an event setting. For example, a clearer understanding of the interactions that reduce the overall value of an event may assist to better design valuable events in the future.
The PosiThera project focuses on the management of chronic wounds, which is multi-professional and multi-disciplinary. For this context, a software prototype was developed in the project, which is intended to support medical and nursing staff with the assistance of artificial intelligence. In accordance with the user-centred design, national workshops were held at the beginning of the project with the involvement of domain experts in wound care in order to identify requirements and use cases of IT systems in wound care, with a focus on AI. In this study, the focus was on involving nursing and nursing science staff in testing the software prototype to gain insights into its functionality and usability. The overarching goal of the iterative testing and adaptation process is to further develop the prototype in a way that is close to care.
Applied Analytics : Datentransformation mit R und dplyr: Überblick der 5 wichtigsten Operationen
(2021)
Überblick über die fünf Operationen in der Datentransformation mit dplyr:
- Spalten auswählen
- Zeilen filtern
- Neue Spalten hinzufügen
- Zeilen sortieren
- Zeilen zusammenfassen (aggregieren)
Dieses Video ist ein Ausschnitt aus der Vorlesungsaufzeichnung vom 16.11.2021 aus dem Modul "Empirisches Arbeiten" von Prof. Dr. Nicolas Meseth an der Hochschule Osnabrück.
Boron dynamics in a peat-based growing medium and its impact on the growth of basil (Abstract)
(2021)
Zu viel Wasser in der TMR?
(2021)
Ist die TMR zu feucht?
(2021)
Flüssigfutter bei Milchkühen
(2021)
Shredlage in der Bullenmast?
(2021)
Shredlage für Mastbullen?
(2021)
Mehr Milchleistung
(2021)
Fütterung von Zuchtstuten
(2021)
Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) operates in the ISM band with 868 MHz, where the Time on Air (ToA) is regulated in the EU to 1 %. LoRaWAN nodes use the Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) algorithm to adapt their data rates during operation. The standard ADR algorithm works well with stationary nodes, however is very slow in the adaptation for mobile nodes. This paper introduces a new ADR algorithm for LoRaWAN that is supported by higher level meta-data for sensor streams, namely Quality of Information (QoI). With the help of QoI it is possible to provide additional information to the new ADR algorithm, reducing the convergence time and thus improving the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) of data from mobile sensor nodes. The new algorithm requires only modifications on network server side and keeps backwards compatibility with LoRaWAN nodes. Results show a significant better PDR compared to the standard ADR in scenarios with a limited number of mobile nodes.
Auf vielen Landmaschinen wird der CAN-Bus zur Übertragung von Daten zwischen Sensoren, Aktoren und Steuergeräten genutzt. Anwendungen wie Rückfahrkameras und Bird-ViewAnzeigen erfordern in der Regel zusätzliche, breitbandige Kommunikationskanäle. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, inwieweit ein gemeinschaftliches Kommunikationsmedium auf Basis von Ethernet zur Realisierung aktueller und zukünftiger Anwendungen auf Landmaschinen genutzt werden kann. Zusätzlich wird der Einsatz aktueller Technologien wie Audio/Video Bridging, Time-Sensitive Networking und Wifi auf einem Landmaschinengespann untersucht und bewertet.
High levels of meat consumption are increasingly being criticised for ethical, environmental, and social reasons. Plant-based meat substitutes have been with reservations identified as healthy sources of protein in comparison to meat. This alternative offers several social, environmental, and probably health benefits, and it may play a role in reducing meat consumption. However, there has been a lack of research on how specific meat substitute attributes can influence consumers to replace or partially replace meat in their diets. Research has demonstrated that, in many countries, consumers are highly attached to meat. They consider it to be an essential and integral element of their daily diet. For the consumers that are not interested in vegan or vegetarian alternatives to meat, so-called meathybrids could be a low-threshold option for a more sustainable food consumption behaviour. In meathybrids, only a fraction of the meat product (e.g., 20% to 50%) is replaced with plant-based proteins. In this paper, the results of an online survey with 500 German consumers are presented with a focus on preferences and attitudes relating to meathyrids. The results show that more than fifty percent of consumers substitute meat at least occasionally. Thus, approximately half of the respondents reveal an eligible consumption behaviour with respect to sustainability and healthiness to a certain degree. Regarding the determinants of choosing either meathybrid or meat, it becomes evident that the highest effect is exerted by the health perception. The healthier meathybrids are perceived, the higher is the choice probability. Thus, this egoistic motive seems to outperform altruistic motives, like animal welfare or environmental concerns, when it comes to choice for this new product category.
Duckweed is a promising resource for future feed and food production as well as wastewater treatment. However, diseases and pests can critically limit the performance of the production systems. Patches of discolored and bleached duckweed (Lemna minor L.) appeared in hydroponic systems and spread rapidly through the crop. Pythium myriotylum was confirmed as the causing pathogen by microbiological and molecular biological analysis. This is the first report of P. myriotylum on duckweed in Germany. The result and possible countermeasures are discussed.
Green roofs can mitigate negative environmental effects of urban densifcation to some extent, but they are often covered by species-poor Sedum mixtures with a low value for biodiversity. By combining a habitat template and a seedprovenance approach, we review the suitability of plant species from regionally occurring dry sandy grasslands (Koelerio-Corynophoretea) for extensive roof greening in northwestern Germany. Since 2015, we have studied the effects of species introduction on vegetation dynamics on experimental mini-roofs. Treatments included sowing seeds of regional native origin in two densities (1 g and 2 g/m2) and the transfer of raked material from an ancient dry grassland area classifed as Natura 2000 site. The applied raked material contained diaspores of 27 vascular plant species (including seven threatened species) and vegetative fragments of grasslandspecifc mosses and lichens. Since 2018, we have tested more species-rich seed mixtures in a large-scale experiment on a roof of 500 m2 with different engineered green-roof substrates and layering. In 2019, a green roof of 10,200 m2 was established in cooperation with a local enterprise to support regional native biodiversity.
In this chapter, we summarise the most important results of our studies and discuss how to support regional native biodiversity on green roofs.
In order to produce protein-rich duckweed for human and animal consumption, a stable cultivation process, including an optimal nutrient supply for each species, must be implemented. Modified nutrient media, based on the N-medium for duckweed cultivation, were tested on the relative growth rate (RGR) and crude protein content (CPC) of Lemna minor and Wolffiella hyalina, as well as the decrease of nitrate-N and ammonium-N in the media. Five different nitrate-N to ammonium-N molar ratios were diluted to 10% and 50% of the original N-medium concentration. The media mainly consisted of agricultural fertilizers. A ratio of 75% nitrate-N and 25% ammonium-N, with a dilution of 50%, yielded the best results for both species. Based on the dry weight (DW), L. minor achieved a RGR of 0.23 ± 0.009 d−1 and a CPC of 37.8 ± 0.42%, while W. hyalina’s maximum RGR was 0.22 ± 0.017 d−1, with a CPC of 43.9 ± 0.34%. The relative protein yield per week and m2 was highest at this ratio and dilution, as well as the ammonium-N decrease in the corresponding medium. These results could be implemented in duckweed research and applications if a high protein content or protein yield is the aim.
Die Analyse der kommunalen Planungspraxis zur Auswahl und Bewertung von Siedlungsflächen in der Flächennutzungsplanung zeigt auf, welchen Einfluss Forschungsergebnisse auf die aktuelle Planungspraxis haben. Aufbauend auf einer Analyse des Forschungsstandes und der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen wird die Bewertung von Siedlungsflächen in 29 verschiedenen Flächennutzungsplänen untersucht. Als Ergebnis wurde ermittelt, dass in der Planungspraxis die Anzahl der Bewertungskriterien und die Komplexität der Bewertung in den letzten Jahren stark zugenommen hat. Außerdem kann gezeigt werden, dass und wie stark sich die Planungsmethodik und die verwendeten Kriterien zur Auswahl und Bewertung von Siedlungsflächen zwischen den einzelnen Gemeinden unterscheiden. Trotz umfangreicher anwendungsorientierter Forschung seit den 1990er Jahren zur Bewertung und Auswahl von Siedlungsflächen lassen sich jedoch nur indirekte Einflüsse der Forschungsergebnisse auf die Planungspraxis identifizieren. Teilweise wurde allerdings festgestellt, dass auch von den Gemeinden selbst neue Kriterien und Vorgehensweisen entwickelt werden.
Piglets experience a high level of stress upon weaning due to changes in social structures and feeding. Incorporation of flavors in the maternal diet might be a promising tool to prenatally modulate flavor preferences of the offspring and prevent neophobia. This study aimed to evaluate if the supplementation of the maternal diet with Spicemaster GH 501, an intense, plant-based herbal flavor, could affect feed preferences of early-weaned piglets and thus improve feed intake, performance, and overall health conditions. On approx. day 95 of gestation, 59 pregnant sows (DanZucht) were separated into two groups. The control group received commercial gestation and lactation feeds without flavor, while the trial group received diets with added flavor (400 g/t Spicemaster GH 501). After weaning, 272 piglets from both groups were rehoused and given an early-grower feed, which was consistently supplemented in both groups with 400 g/t Spicemaster GH 501 throughout the whole trial. Strikingly, the trial group, which was prenatally exposed to the flavor, gained significantly more weight during the initial phase after weaning. Moreover, the trial group was less prone to develop ear tip necrosis and displayed an improved general health condition, which was reflected in a reduced number of antibiotic treatments during the duration of the trial. Collectively, the incorporation of flavoring compounds in the maternal diet provides a powerful mechanism to shape taste preferences in early-weaned piglets and conse-quently reduce stress levels and susceptibility to infections.
Piglets experience a high level of stress during the onset of the fattening phase due to changes in social structures and feeding. Incorporation of flavors in the feed supports constant levels of feed intake thus avoiding drops in performance. This study aimed to evaluate if a combination of vanilla and fruity flavors could maintain high interest in variable feeds across different ages. 384 crossbred (Topigs 20 x Piétrain) piglets were separated at weaning into two groups (eight pens per group: four pens with females and four pens with uncastrated males; 24 animals per pen), according to gender and weight. The control group received commercial starter feeds without flavor, while the other group received diets with added flavor (500 g/t Cuxarom Fruit 210, a sweetish, berry multifruit note combined with creamy vanilla). After 49 days, 264 animals from both groups were rehoused and given an early-grower feed with or without added flavor for 7 days. Consequently, animals from the trial group again received flavor-supplemented feed and vice versa. During the early-grower phase, the feed intake of the trial group was 11.2% higher than that of the control group. Moreover, the trial group gained significantly more weight during the early-grower phase (+12.2%) in comparison to the control group. This indicates that the animals prefer the flavor they were familiarized with during the starter phase. This memory effect leads to an increased feed intake and weight gain in early-grower pigs and can counteract drops in performance, particularly when mixing animals or transitioning.
Fütterung von Sportpferden
(2021)
As allergy towards apples is widespread, the evaluation of various cultivation and postharvest influences on the allergenic potential is of great importance. Therefore, the analysis of the Mal d 1 content was the focus of this study, originally dealing with investigating the influence of a selenium biofortification on apple quality. The Mal d 1 content of apples was in most cases reduced when the fruits were biofortified with selenium. Apple variety and climatic conditions were identified as further influencing factors for the Mal d 1 content of the fruits. The separate analysis of the peel and the fruit flesh showed that the content of Mal d 1 in the fruit flesh was significantly lower in the biofortified samples than in the controls. In conclusion, the results indicate that the selenium biofortification of apples and biochemical mechanism behind can reduce the allergenic potential regarding the content of Mal d 1.
Logistikunternehmen haben es bei der Suche nach neuen Standorten zunehmend schwerer, da geeignete Standorte immer knapper werden und ihnen wachsende Widerstände entgegenstehen: Umweltverbände und Anwohner*innen kritisieren Luftverschmutzung, Flächenverbrauch, Beeinträchtigungen des Landschaftsbilds und Zunahme des Verkehrslärms; die Lokalpolitik bevorzugt häufig Unternehmen mit höheren Gewerbesteueraufkommen und mehr (hochqualifizierten) Arbeitsplätzen. Der Druck auf die Logistikbranche, nachhaltigere Konzepte der Flächennutzung zu entwickeln und umzusetzen steigt. Zielsetzung des Artikels ist es, Ansätze aufzuzeigen, wie die Flächennutzung in der Logistik optimiert werden kann. Ein wichtiges Lösungsfeld ist auf Basis des Logistikmodells von Pfohl (2010) vor allem in den Bereichen der Flächenplanung zu verorten. Als Grundlage des Artikels wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen Möglichkeiten auf, wie Unternehmen und Kommunen durch eine frühzeitige Planung zur Optimierung von Flächennutzung für logistische Prozesse beitragen können. Die sorgfältige Planung eines Lagers und die damit einhergehende Nutzung von effizienten Lagersystemen, verringern die benötigte Fläche und sorgen für verbesserte Prozesse im Bereich der Lager- und Umschlagslogistik. Auch lassen sich ggf. neue Lagerflächen vermeiden, wenn die bereits genutzten Flächen optimiert werden.
Die vollständig überarbeitete Neuauflage des Lehrbuchklassikers jetzt ergänzt durch ein zusätzliches Kapitel und mit neuem Layout.
Dieses Standardwerk umfasst sämtliche Themengebiete der Lebensmittelphysik und behandelt u. a. die thermischen, rheologischen, akustischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften sowie die Dichte und Textur von Lebensmitteln. Zudem wird ausführlich auf die Funktion von online-Sensoren und deren Bedeutung für die Prozessautomatisierung in der Lebensmittelindustrie eingegangen.
Für Studierende der Lebensmittelwissenschaften und der Lebensmitteltechnologie ist dieses Lehrbuch mit vielen vorgerechneten Beispielen die Basis für ein grundlegendes Verständnis der Lebensmittelphysik. Ingenieure, Technologen und Techniker in der Lebensmittelproduktion können die aufgelisteten Anwendungsbeispiele am Ende jedes Kapitels nutzen, um ihre Kenntnisse für zukünftige physikalische Verfahren zu vertiefen.
Die Fütterung von Zuchtstuten ist ein wichtiger Faktor, der für die Geburt eines gesunden und voll entwickelten Fohlens und für die Fruchtbarkeit der Stute verantwortlich ist. Die Versorgung der Stuten ist aufgrund der Schwankungen in der Futteraufnahme rund um die Geburt durch den Einsatz von hochwertigen Futtermitteln zu sichern.
Der Versuch überprüfte den Einfluss der Fütterung von Shredlage-Maissilage auf die Futterqualität, Mastleistung, Gesundheit und den Schlachtkörperwert von Fleckviehbullen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Fütterung von Shredlage keinen negativen Einfluss auf die obigen Parameter ausübte. Im Gegenteil, der Einsatz von Shredlage zeigt Potential einen Beitrag zu einer wiederkäuergerechten Fütterung zu leisten und Produktionsmerkmale zu verbessern.
Das 23. gehölzkundliche Winterseminar der Arbeitsgruppe Junge Dendrologen in der DDG fand im Herzen Deutschlands in der Lutherstadt Wittenberg statt. Wie in den vergangenen Jahren war als Tagungsort eine Jugendherberge gewählt worden. Ursprünglich sollte Quartier in der Jugendherberge in der Bauhaus-Stadt Dessau bezogen werden. Da diese bereits ausgebucht war, wurde nach Wittenberg ausgewichen, was für die Programmgestaltung vorteilhaft war.
Shredlage in der Bullenmast
(2021)
Fütterung von Jungpferden
(2021)
Maniok und Tapioka
(2021)
Ganzpflanzensilage
(2021)
Neue Futtermittel
(2021)
Fütterung von Zuchtstuten
(2021)
Wasser
(2021)