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Highlights • We investigate how peer learning impacts elite footballers' performance. • We interview twelve elite footballers from German Bundesliga clubs. • Our findings highlight that peers are important knowledge sources in football. • Knowledge sharing positively impacts elite players' development and performance. • The findings call for management tactics to use this untapped potential. Abstract This research focuses on coworker learning and knowledge sharing amongst elite footballers. The authors provide an in-depth understanding on how elite footballers learn from their peers and which channels are used to share their knowledge. The authors also analyze how peer learning impacts an elite footballer's development and performance and to what extent elite football clubs actively support peer learning. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 elite footballers from first and second division German Bundesliga clubs. The findings demonstrate that peers are very important sources of knowledge for elite footballers. There are four main knowledge sharing channels: observing/imitating, peer exchange/peer communication, labor mobility and knowledge brokers. The findings highlight the positive impact of knowledge sharing on elite players' development and performance and call for future (knowledge) management tactics to specifically use this untapped potential.
Events are intangible services and services marketing thus plays a considerable role within event management education. The marketing mix with its “4 Ps” (product, price, promotion, place) is an essential element of many event management curricula. Most educational institutions also reflect the development (and related discussions) towards the existence of “7 Ps” – adding personnel, physical facilities and process management (Meffert/ Bruhn 2009) – or even “8 Ps” – adding physical environment, purchasing process, packaging and participation(Burke/ Resnick 2000) – within the service marketing domain.
Im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung sollen folgende Fragen beantwortet werden:
- Was sind die entscheidenden Aspekte in der zukünftigen Entwicklung der Energieversorgung und des -verbrauchs im Landkreis Emsland?
- Welche Annahmen können für den Energieverbrauch im Zieljahr 2040 getroffen werden?
- Wie kann ein angemessener Beitrag des Landkreises Emslands zur klimaneutralen Energieversorgung Deutschlands quantifiziert werden?
- Welche Energieszenarien sind für den Landkreis Emsland im Jahr 2040 denkbar?
- Welche Empfehlungen lassen sich aus diesen Szenarien für Unternehmen, Politik und Verwaltung ableiten?
In diesem Weißbuch stellen wir Methoden und Maßnahmen vor, die Unternehmen dabei unterstützen, ihre Energieversorgung auf erneuerbare Energien umzustellen, sich von den Preisschwankungen an den fossilen Weltmärkten unabhängiger zu machen und Entscheidungen für eine Klimastrategie für die nächsten Jahrzehnte zu treffen. Es werden drei mögliche Energiewelten der Zukunft skizziert. Informationen zum Thema Eigenstromerzeugung und zu Effizienzmaßnahmen werden anschaulich dargestellt sowie Links zu Fördermöglichkeiten genannt. Wir zeigen drei verschiedene Szenarien für die Energieversorgung von Unternehmen in der Zukunft auf. Sie geben Unternehmen eine Entscheidungshilfe für die eigene Klimastrategie. Die drei Szenarien haben Unterschiede, aber auch Gemeinsamkeiten.
Die EU hat im „Green Deal“ Maßnahmen festgelegt, damit Europa im Jahr 2050 klimaneutral ist. Deutschland hat seine Klimaziele zuletzt noch einmal verschärft und sich als Ziel die Klimaneutralität bis 2045 gesetzt. Um diese Ziele zu erreichen, stehen Industrie und Gewerbe vor der Herausforderung, ihre Energieversorgung auf erneuerbare Energien umzustellen und in Zukunft fossile Brenn- und Kraftstoffe zu ersetzen. Dies gilt für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) ebenso wie für die Großindustrie. Es stellt sich also die Frage, wie Unternehmen sich mit Strom, Wärme, Dampf, Kälte und weiteren Energieformen versorgen. Welches ist dabei aus heutiger Sicht die günstigste Technologie? Zentrale Rollen hierbei spielen Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen und die Substitution fossiler durch regenerative Energieträger. Lösungen müssen sowohl technisch als auch ökonomisch realisiert werden können. Im Vorteil ist, wer heute schon eine unternehmensinterne Klimaschutzstrategie verfolgt und die ersten Schritte in Richtung Klimaneutralität unternimmt.
Die alltägliche pädagogische Praxis von Grundschulen hat sich durch die Implementierung unterschiedlicher multiprofessioneller Kooperationsprozesse maßgeblich geändert (vgl. Beck & Maykus 2016, S. 148f.). So kooperieren laut Thieme (2019) seit dem Ausbau von ganztägig-inklusiven Schulsettings zunehmend auch Lehrkräfte und sozialpädagogische Fachkräfte unterschiedlicher Fachbereiche und Institutionen (vgl. Thieme, 2019, S. 247). Die Schulsozialarbeit an Grundschulen ist dabei ein sozialpädagogisches Arbeitsfeld, welches als Schnittstelle zwischen verschiedenen pädagogischen Berufsgruppen gilt (vgl. Thimm 2017, S. 108) und dem der Vernetzungs- und Kooperationsgedanken als Leitmotiv (sozial-)pädagogischer Praxis inhärent ist. Vor allem die Kooperation zwischen den Lehrkräften und der Schulsozialarbeit ist dabei an bestimmte Voraussetzungen geknüpft. Das BMBF-geförderte Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekt „Qualifizierungsmodule für die interprofessionelle Kooperation in inklusiven Grundschulen – Entwicklung und Evaluation des Manuals InproKiG“ (kurz: InproKiG) hat mit unterschiedlichen Erhebungsinstrumenten u.a. diese Voraussetzungen und Herausforderungen in der alltäglichen Kooperationspraxis näher analysiert. Der Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse einer quantitativen Erhebung zum Stand der Kooperation und zu Kooperationsbedarfen von Grundschulteams vor, welche in den Jahren 2018 und 2019 an Grundschulen in Hannover, Osnabrück und Gießen durchgeführt wurde. In Einzelanalysen werden vor diesem Hintergrund vertiefend die Perspektiven von Fachkräften der Schulsozialarbeit und ihre Erfahrungen interprofessioneller Kooperation untersucht.
Digitale Technologien lassen Daten im Berufsalltag von Beschäftigten im Gesundheitswesen allgegenwärtig werden. Diese Entwicklung stellt neue Herausforderungen an das Kompetenzprofil dieser Berufsgruppen, die sich unter dem Dachbegriff Datenkompetenz zusammenfassen lassen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Begriff vor dem Hintergrund der digitalen Transformation motiviert und definiert. Es wird eine zusammenfassende Sicht auf die Teilaspekte von Datenkompetenz gegeben und auf den derzeitigen Stand der systematischen Messung von Datenkompetenz eingegangen. Abschließend gibt der Beitrag eine Reihe von Handlungsempfehlungen, auf welche Weise Datenkompetenz im Rahmen der Weiterqualifikation von Beschäftigten vermittelt werden sollte.
Der primäre Einsatzzweck von Reifegradmodellen besteht zumeist in der reinen Inventarisierung der vorhandenen IT-Komponenten. Das vorliegende Kapitel gibt IT-Entscheider*innen in Krankenhäusern Empfehlungen, wie Reifegradmodelle für eine kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung, Umsetzung und Evaluation von Digitalisierungsstrategien eingesetzt werden können. Als Prüfschema für die Auswahl geeigneter Verfahren werden neun Anforderungen an die Entwicklung und den Einsatz von Reifegradmodellen formuliert. Entlang von drei strategischen Handlungsfeldern – dem klinischen Anwendungsfeld, dem Informationsmanagement und dem organisatorischen Umfeld – werden dem Leser generische Digitalisierungsziele und dazugehörige Beispielindikatoren zur Erfolgskontrolle bereitgestellt.
Access to digital technologies depends on the availability of technical infrastructure, but this access is unequally distributed among social groups and newly summarized under the term digital divide. The aim is to analyze the perception of a tracing app to contain Covid-19 in Germany. The results showed that participants with the highest level of formal education rate the app as beneficial and were the most likely to use the app.
Artificial intelligence will change our lives permanently - both at work and in our private lives. But how does machine learning actually work? The authors explore this question in their English-language textbook. They teach the necessary basics for the use of support vector machines, for example, through linear programming, the Lagrange multiplier, kernels and the SMO algorithm. They also cover neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, and Bayesian networks. Definitions are highlighted in the book and assignments invite readers to think along. The textbook is aimed at students of computer science, engineering and natural sciences, especially in the fields of robotics, artificial intelligence, and mathematics.
Co-Creation in der Veranstaltungsbranche: Der Mehrwert von partizipativen Veranstaltungsformaten
(2021)
Das Konzept der Co-Creation hat sich zu einem vieldiskutierten Thema in der Veranstaltungsbranche entwickelt. Dieses Kapitel analysiert das Konzept von Co-Creation, auch vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Entstehung und Entwicklung im Rahmen der service-orientierten Sichtweise des Marketings. Ziel des Co-Creation-Ansatzes ist die Schaffung eines Mehrwertes für alle Beteiligten. Im Sinne eines gelungenen Wissenstransfers ist es für Veranstaltungs organisatoren dabei auch wichtig zu beachten, wie die Teilnehmer lernen und wie sie Informationen aufnehmen und behalten. Dazu werden verschiedene Lerntypen und Lernstile aus der Lernpsychologie vorgestellt. Die Ausführungen belegen die hohe Bedeutung von partizipativen Elementen, die somit neben den konventionellen Formaten (z. B. Frontalvorträgen) Bestandteil einer erfolgreichen Veranstaltung sein sollten. Das Kapitel stellt die prominentesten partizipativen Formate und deren Vor- und Nachteile vor und geht auch auf mögliche Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung ein.
The PosiThera project focuses on the management of chronic wounds, which is multi-professional and multi-disciplinary. For this context, a software prototype was developed in the project, which is intended to support medical and nursing staff with the assistance of artificial intelligence. In accordance with the user-centred design, national workshops were held at the beginning of the project with the involvement of domain experts in wound care in order to identify requirements and use cases of IT systems in wound care, with a focus on AI. In this study, the focus was on involving nursing and nursing science staff in testing the software prototype to gain insights into its functionality and usability. The overarching goal of the iterative testing and adaptation process is to further develop the prototype in a way that is close to care.
Building on Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory, Bass models describe the diffusion processes distinguishing between innovation (p) and imitation (q). This study aimed at modelling the uptake of RIS, PACS and EHR systems in Germany and Finland. The Bass models revealed a quick and almost identical uptake process across all three systems for Finland. In contrast, the Bass models mirrored a slower uptake in Germany. Consequently, the Finnish “imitation” coefficients were larger than the German ones. While in Germany almost free market forces were driving the adoption through imitation but without tail wind from policy, the adoption process in Finland was centrally governed. This suggests that the diffusion process in Finland reflected a well-managed roll-out of the systems rather than imitation behaviour. Thus, in order for Bass model coefficients to be understood properly, additional contextual information is required.
Rationale:
Biomechanical analyses are capable of capturing and evaluating human motions. In addition to the major biomechanical fields of kinetics and kinematics, electromyography (EMG) provides a reliable way to analyse neuromuscular activities, e.g. inter- and intramuscular coordination or fatigue behavior. Based on these parameters it is possible to conclude to clinically relevant parameters such as motor control, muscular coordination or compensation strategies with different loads. In addition to this, EMG can be used in treatment itself, e.g. biofeedback-training with an EMG is an effective and evidenced based tool to improve neuromuscular control.
Purpose:
To show the advantages of implementing EMG in performing artists´ health and to demonstrate additional therapy and diagnostic options.
Educational Objectives:
At the end of the workshop, the participants will be able to…
1.understand and describe the basic principles of EMG
2.understand and describe the importance of EMG in the context of performing artists´ health, physical therapy and clinical reasoning
3.use EMG on performing artists in the performance process
Content of Presentation:
This workshop briefly introduces the theoretical principles of EMG and the clinical applications in the context of performing artists´ health. It explains why EMG provides an additional value in the clinical reasoning process and supports the therapist, but decision making in the clinical reasoning process should never be based on EMG solely.
In the further course of the workshop the use of EMG in diagnostics and therapy (biofeedback) with performing artists is practically demonstrated and discussed with the participants.
Approach of Presentation:
1.Short presentation: introduction and understanding of EMG (educational objective 1)
2.Short case presentation of a performing artist to introduce EMG in the field of performing artists´ health and clinical reasoning (educational objective 2)
3.Interactive practical demonstration (diagnosis and biofeedback-training) as the central part of the workshop. Questions and comments will be discussed directly throughout the group (educational objective 3)
Clinical Significance:
EMG based functional neuromuscular diagnostics and biofeedback-training provides both the therapist as well as the performing artist with additional value in their clinical work.
Introduction: Hamstring injuries are among the most common injuries in soccer players. Especially the danger of hamstring injuries increases in the final third of each half, with the biceps femoris muscle being highly susceptible, but currently there is no supporting evidence in soccer players. It is important to investigate to provide a basis for further clinical investigations in order to reduce the risk of hamstring injuries.
Objective: To investigate a soccer-specific muscle fatigue protocol has an effect on the activation patterns of the biceps and semitendinosus muscles and correlates with the subjectively perceived exertion of the soccer players.
Methods: 19 healthy soccer players aged 19 - 35 years were included and underwent a standardized procedure that included: (1) performance of the nordic hamstring curls (NHC) and a 10m sprint (pre-test), (2) a soccer-specific muscle fatigue loading protocol for 30 minutes with subsequent rating of perceived exertion (RPE), (3) re-assessed like pre-assessment (post- test). Electromyography (EMG) data were recorded the biceps and
semitendinosus muscles of both legs. Two parameters were analyzed: the peak amplitude during the NHC and the mean amplitude during the 10m sprint.
Results: The RPE score (9.5, p<0.001) and 10m sprint shows significant differences between pre- and post- test for the biceps (standing leg: -82.45, kicking leg: -81.77; p<0.01) and semitendinosus muscle (standing leg: -60.08, p=0.001); kicking leg: -65.30, p=0.03). Significant correlation exists between RPE score and biceps muscles at posttest (standing leg: r=-0.54, kicking leg: r=-0.51; p<0.05).
Conclusion: Muscle fatigue leads to significant changes in the activation behavior of the hamstring muscles. In particular, the biceps muscle shows a correlation with perceived exertion, the higher the exertion, the lower the muscle activity. This may help explain the higher prevalence of the biceps muscle in hamstring injuries and offers a basis for further clinical investigations
This paper provides a discourse based upon the key development of nursing in response to the emerging 4Ds of health technology re-design. Building informatics capability among health professionals is a workforce issue necessitated through the increasing prevalence of information technology and digitization of healthcare affecting the entire health workforce, specifically front-line nurses. The key concepts will be explored of Digitization, Distribution, Disruption and Diversity, a framework recognising the tsunami of technology such as Big Data analytics, comprehensive decision support systems for nursing, nanobots, robotics, and pharmacogenomics and the impact these have upon the nursing workforce.
Rationale
Playing the trombone can lead to playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD). Previous research suggests that professional trombonists predominantly struggle with PRMD on the left body side. An increasing volume leads to an increasing contact pressure on the mouthpiece of the trombone, but it is still unclear how the muscle activity relates to this and whether it differs in musicians with PRMD from those without PRMD.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the activity of different muscles of the left body side, the contact pressure on the mouthpiece and the volume level in healthy trombonists.
Methods
Six male healthy tenor trombonists were included in this study and run through a standardized protocol which consisted of playing a b-flat major scale with three different volume levels (pianissimo, mezzoforte, fortissimo). Analyzed parameters were (1) the activity of several muscles of the left body side (measured with surface electromyography), (2) the contact pressure on the mouthpiece (measured with a force sensor) and (3) the different volume levels.
Results
Analysis of variance reveals significant differences of the muscle activity for the three volume levels. Depending on the volume level and the selected muscle, results show very weak to moderate correlations between contact pressure on the mouthpiece and muscle activity (Spearman´s rho between .11 and .58). The strongest correlation across all muscles occurs during fortissimo playing.
Conclusions
These results show a relationship in healthy trombonists between volume level, contact pressure on the mouthpiece and muscle activity when playing a b-flat major scale. Future research should include trombonists with PRMD to enable comparison between PRMD and non-PRMD musicians.
Educational Objectives:
At the end of the presentation, the participants will be able to…
1. understand the relationship between muscle activity, contact pressure on the mouthpiece and volume when playing the trombone
2. recognize that there are different muscle activity patterns on the left body side when playing the trombone
3. understand that a comprehensive functional diagnosis is important in the management of musicians
The diabetic foot ulcer, which 2% – 6% of diabetes patients experience, is a severe health threat. It is closely linked to the risk of lower extremity amputation (LEA). When a DFU is present, the chief imperative is to initiate tertiary preventive actions to avoid amputation. In this light, clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can guide clinicians to identify DFU patients early. In this study, the PEDIS classification and a Bayesian logistic regression model are utilised to develop and evaluate a decision method for patient stratification. Therefore, we conducted a Bayesian cutpoint analysis. The CDSS revealed an optimal cutpoint for the amputation risk of 0.28. Sensitivity and specificity were 0.83 and 0.66. These results show that although the specificity is low, the decision method includes most actual patients at risk, which is a desirable feature in monitoring patients at risk for major amputation. This study shows that the PEDIS classification promises to provide a valid basis for a DFU risk stratification in CDSS.