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Hohe tägliche Zunahmen der Kälber zum Absetzen sind von entscheidender Bedeutung für die ökonomische Rentabilität in der Mutterkuhhaltung. Außerdem könnten diese einen Hinweis auf die Fitness der Tiere liefern. Das Ziel dieser Studie bestand in der Identifikation möglicher Einflussfaktoren auf das Kälberwachstum sowie in der Analyse der Beziehungen zwischen Eutermerkmalen bei Angus-Mutterkühen und den täglichen Zunahmen ihrer Kälber in extensiver Grünlandhaltung. Von April 2016 bis März 2017 wurden die täglichen Zunahmen von der Geburt bis zum Absetzen von 330 Angus Kälbern auf fünf Betrieben in verschiedenen Regionen Deutschlands erfasst. Die durchschnittlichen täglichen Zunahmen bis zum Absetzen betrugen 1.098 g. Für die statistische Analyse wurde ein gemischtes lineares Modell verwendet. Kälber mit höheren Geburtsgewichten wiesen höhere tägliche Zunahmen auf (p < 0,0001). Kälber von primiparen Kühen zeigten geringere tägliche Zunahmen als Kälber von multiparen Kühen (p < 0,05). Die Kälber von Kühen mit mittelgroßen Eutern hatten höhere tägliche Zunahmen (p < 0,05). Zusammenfassend kann festgestellt werden, dass Kälber von Mutterkühen mit mittelgroßen Eutern höhere tägliche Zunahmen erreichten, weshalb der Einsatz des Eutervolumens als funktionales Merkmal in der Zucht von extensiv gehaltenen Mutterkühen sinnvoll erscheint.
Endoparasites are one of the major health issues in beef suckler cows and can cause economic losses. As studies on the parasitological status of beef suckler cow herds are rare, the aim of this study was to evaluate the status quo of the parasite burden in herds at four representative locations in Germany. Additionally, the farmers’ pasture management and deworming strategies were documented. Based on these data, the second aim of the study was to develop recommendations for improved deworming and pasture hygiene management. A total of 708 faecal samples were examined with parasitological routine methods. Results revealed Fasciola hepatica, gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN), Eimeria species (spp.), Moniezia spp. and Dictyocaulus viviparus as the most frequent findings. Clinical signs of parasitic diseases were not found during the farm visits. Statistical analyses showed a significant effect of the age status of the animal on the parasitological status in general. Due to the percentage of occurrence, detailed statistical analysis was performed for Eimeria, GIN and Fasciola hepatica, confirming the effect of age status. Assessing the parasitological status of beef suckler cows as routine procedure could help to establish an improved parasite-control management on a farm-individual basis.
Risk Factors for Dystocia and Perinatal Mortality in Extensively Kept Angus Suckler Cows in Germany
(2019)
Dystocia and perinatal mortality are major animal health, welfare and economic issues in beef suckler cow production. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for dystocia and perinatal mortality and to analyze the relationships of both traits to external pelvic parameters in extensively kept beef suckler cows. Calving ease and calf survival were recorded for 785 births on five Angus cattle farms in Germany. The prevalence of dystocia and perinatal mortality was 3.4% and 4.3%, respectively. A hierarchical model was used to predict dystocia and perinatal mortality. First-parity dams had a higher probability of dystocia (p < 0.0001) than later-parity ones. Increasing birth weight was associated with an increasing risk for dystocia (p < 0.05). The probability of perinatal mortality (p < 0.0001) was higher in assisted births than in unassisted births. Calves from first-parity dams had a higher risk (p < 0.01) of being stillborn than calves from dams in later parities. An increase in the length of the pelvis was associated with an increase in odds for perinatal mortality (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the study indicates that dystocia and perinatal mortality are mainly problems in first-parity suckler cows. Concerning the predictive value of external pelvic parameters, further research is necessary.