Refine
Document Type
- Conference Proceeding (17)
- Article (9)
- Book (2)
- Part of a Book (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (29)
Keywords
- Bass model (1)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Diffusion of innovation (1)
- Electronic health records (1)
- Entlassungsmanagement (1)
- Evaluation (1)
- Health policy (1)
- Lean Management (1)
- Patient Journey Board (1)
- Prozessoptimierung (1)
Institute
- Fakultät WiSo (28)
Die Verbreitung von Informationstechnologien (IT) im Gesundheitswesen sowie deren Einflussgrößen sind Betrachtungsobjekt der Adoptions- und Diffusionsforschung. Neues Wissen aus diesen Studien wird dabei häufig als summative Umfrageergebnisse disseminiert. Mit dem in diesem Beitrag vorgestellten Web-Portal werden die individuellen Umfrageergebnisse im Vergleich zu einer Referenzgruppe präsentiert. Das erfolgt in flexibler Form unter Verwendung von reliablen und validen Kennzahlen der IT-Prozessunterstützung, die in einer hierarchischen Struktur angeordnet sind. Es werden die Entwicklung des Web-Portals als Benchmarking Instrument, seine Anwendung und eine initiale Evaluation vorgestellt. Es zeigte sich, dass das Web-Portal anhand aktueller Benchmarking-Ergebnisse von 197 Krankenhäusern einsetzbar ist, seine Anwendung als nützlich und die Indikatoren als verständlich eingeschätzt werden.
Health IT adoption research is rooted in Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation theory, which is based on longitudinal analyses. However, many studies in this field use cross-sectional designs. The aim of this study therefore was to design and implement a system to (i) consolidate survey data sets originating from different years (ii) integrate additional secondary data and (iii) query and statistically analyse these longitudinal data. Our system design comprises a 5-tier-architecture that embraces tiers for data capture, data representation, logics, presentation and integration. In order to historicize data properly and to separate data storage from data analytics a data vault schema was implemented. This approach allows the flexible integration of heterogeneous data sets and the selection of comparable items. Data analysis is prepared by compiling data in data marts and performed by R and related tools. IT Report Healthcare data from 2011, 2013 and 2017 could be loaded, analysed and combined with secondary longitudinal data.
Background:
Contact tracing apps are potentially useful tools for supporting national COVID-19 containment strategies. Various national apps with different technical design features have been commissioned and issued by governments worldwide.
Objective:
Our goal was to develop and propose an item set that was suitable for describing and monitoring nationally issued COVID-19 contact tracing apps. This item set could provide a framework for describing the key technical features of such apps and monitoring their use based on widely available information.
Methods:
We used an open-source intelligence approach (OSINT) to access a multitude of publicly available sources and collect data and information regarding the development and use of contact tracing apps in different countries over several months (from June 2020 to January 2021). The collected documents were then iteratively analyzed via content analysis methods. During this process, an initial set of subject areas were refined into categories for evaluation (ie, coherent topics), which were then examined for individual features. These features were paraphrased as items in the form of questions and applied to information materials from a sample of countries (ie, Brazil, China, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, and the United Kingdom [England and Wales]). This sample was purposefully selected; our intention was to include the apps of different countries from around the world and to propose a valid item set that can be relatively easily applied by using an OSINT approach.
Results:
Our OSINT approach and subsequent analysis of the collected documents resulted in the definition of the following five main categories and associated subcategories: (1) background information (open-source code, public information, and collaborators); (2) purpose and workflow (secondary data use and warning process design); (3) technical information (protocol, tracing technology, exposure notification system, and interoperability); (4) privacy protection (the entity of trust and anonymity); and (5) availability and use (release date and the number of downloads). Based on this structure, a set of items that constituted the evaluation framework were specified. The application of these items to the 10 selected countries revealed differences, especially with regard to the centralization of the entity of trust and the overall transparency of the apps’ technical makeup.
Conclusions:
We provide a set of criteria for monitoring and evaluating COVID-19 tracing apps that can be easily applied to publicly issued information. The application of these criteria might help governments to identify design features that promote the successful, widespread adoption of COVID-19 tracing apps among target populations and across national boundaries.
As health IT supports processes along the entire patient trajectory and involves different types of professional groups, eHealth is inter-professional by nature. The aim of this study, therefore, is to investigate which competencies are at the intersection of the individual groups of health professionals. 718 international experts provided relevance ratings of eHealth competencies for different professional roles in an online survey. Communication and leadership proved to be important competencies across all professions, not only for executives. None or very little differences between professions were found between physicians and nurses, between IT experts at different levels and between IT experts and executives. However, there were a number of competencies rated differently when contrasting direct patient care specialists with executives. These findings should encourage organisations issuing educational recommendations to specify areas of shared competencies more extensively.
Despite similar policy goals, the adoption of eHealth practices took different paths in Austria (AT), Switzerland (CH), and Germany (GER). We seek to provide a rigorous analysis of the current state of hospitals by focusing on three key eHealth areas: electronic patient records (EPR), health information exchange (HIE), electronic patient communication. For validation and in order to gain better contextual insight we applied a mixed method approach by combining survey results from clinical directors with qualitative interview data from eHealth experts of all three countries. Across countries, EPR adoption rates were reported highest (AT: 52%, CH: 78%, GER: 50%), HIE-rates were partly lower (AT: 52%, CH: 14%, GER: 17%), and electronic patient communication was reported lowest overall (AT: 17%, CH: 8%, GER: 19%). Amongst others, results indicate patient awareness about eHealth to be equally weak across countries, which thus may be an important focal point of future policy initiatives.
Bei der Umsetzung der digitalen Transformation bewegt sich das ITManagement in Krankenhäusern in einem Spannungsfeld aus historischkulturellen Vorbedingungen und den besonderen Herausforderungen wissensintensiver Expertenorganisation. Um zu untersuchen, wie professionell das ITManagement vor diesem Hintergrund ist, wurde in der vorliegenden Studie der Professionalisierungsgrad des IT-Managements als Beschreibungsgröße vorgeschlagen. Darüber hinaus wurden Ausprägungen der IT-Governance und des IT-Entrepreneurships als mögliche Determinanten des Professionalisierungsgrades konzeptionalisiert. Ein entsprechend aufgestelltes, hypothesengeleitetes Untersuchungsmodell wurde anhand der Daten von 164 CIOs deutscher Krankenhäuser überprüft. Die Ergebnisse der Studie deuten auf Professionalisierungspotenziale des IT-Managements im strategischen und evaluierenden Bereich hin. Etablierte Kommunikationskanäle zwischen CIO und Krankenhausleitung sowie eine ausgewiesene IT-Budgetverantwortungen wirkten sich positiv auf den Professionalisierungsgrad aus. Zudem Das agierte das ITManagement umso professioneller, je stärker der IT-Entrepreneurship auf organisatorischer und individueller Ebene ausgeprägt war. Die Ergebnisse können den theoretischen Erkenntnisstand über die Wirkungsweise von IT-Governance und IT-Entrepreneurship erweitern und auf ähnliche, wissensintensive Expertenorganisationen übertragen werden.
CIOs' innovation capability is regarded as a precondition of successful HIT adoption in hospitals. Based on the data of 142 CIOs, this study aimed at identifying antecedents of perceived innovation capability. Eight features describing the status quo of the hospital IT management (e.g. use of IT governance frameworks), four features of the hospital structure (e.g. functional diversification) and four CIO characteristics (e.g. duration of employment) were tested as potential antecedents in an exploratory stepwise regression approach. Perceived innovation capability in its entirety and its three sub-dimensions served as criterion. The results show that CIOs' perceived innovation capability could be explained significantly (R2=0.34) and exclusively by facts that described the degree of formalism and structure of IT management in a hospital, e.g. intensive and formalised strategic communication, the existence of an IT strategy and the use of IT governance frameworks. Breaking down innovation capability into its constituents revealed that “innovative organisational culture” contributed to a large extent (R2=0.26) to the overall result sharing several predictors. In contrast, “intrapreneurial personality” (R2=0.11) and “openness towards users” (R2=0.18) could be predicted less well. These results hint at the relationship between working in a well-structured, formalised and strategy oriented environment and the overall feeling of being capable to promote IT innovation.
Das Informationsmanagement steht im Zentrum erfolgreicher eHealth-Innovationsprozesse von Krankenhäusern. Im Kontext komplexer, zum Teil tradierter Krankenhausstrukturen kann die Gestaltungsfähigkeit des Informationsmanagements durch eine ausgeprägte Intrapreneurship-Kultur erhöht werden, wovon vermutlich auch der Digitalisierungsgrad der Einrichtungen profitiert. Vor diesem Hintergrund verfolgte die vorliegende Studie zwei Forschungsfragen: (1.) Welche Effekte hat Intrapreneurship auf den Digitalisierungsgrad der Krankenhäuser und (2.) inwiefern werden diese Effekte durch das Informationsmanagement beeinflusst? Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurde ein konzeptionelles Untersuchungsmodell entwickelt, welches mit Daten von 224 IT-Leitern evaluiert wurde. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass Intrapreneurship die Umsetzung von eHealth-Anwendungen positiv beeinflussen kann. Die identifizierten Effekte waren jedoch vorwiegend indirekter Art, vermittelt durch den Professionalisierungsgrad des Informationsmanagements. So kann Intrapreneurship auf IT-Leiter-Ebene und auf Ebene der Gesamtorganisation zu einer Professionalisierung des strategischen Informationsmanagements führen. Auf Ebene der IT-Abteilung profitiert vor allem das operative Informationsmanagement von einer ausgeprägten Intrapreneurship-Kultur.
Das Thema Digitalisierung ist in aller Munde – gerade auch im Bereich Krankenhaus. Allerdings noch nicht zuverlässig und im großen Stile valuiert sind die Fragen: Wie digitalisiert ist die Gesamtheit der deutschen Krankenhäuser tatsächlich? Wie entwickelt sich der Digitalisierungsgrad über die Zeit und im Vergleich zu anderen Nationen? Welchen Maßstab sollte man anlegen? Die Autoren stellen im folgenden Artikel ihren Ansatz für eine bundesweite Erfassung der Krankenhausdigitalisierung vor. Im Ergebnis weisen die betrachteten Krankenhäuser deutliche Optimierungspotenziale auf. Diese reichen von der mobilen Verfügbarkeit elektronischer Patientendaten und IT-Funktionen bis hinzu Fragen der Integration und Interoperabilität der im Einsatz befindlichen Systeme.
Although user participation may facilitate the realisation of IT innovations, various literature analyses show only minimal to moderate evidence for such effects possibly due to disregard of mediating factors. Against this background, this study examines the extent to which joint intrapreneurship of clinical leaders and IT leaders as well as a distinct innovation culture mediate the effect of user participation on hospitals’ IT innovativeness. IT innovativeness was measured by the availability and usability of IT functions and by the perceived ‘innovative power’ of a hospital. An empirical model was developed and tested with data from 168 clinical leaders and IT leaders who participated pairwise in a survey representing 84 German hospitals. Three parallel mediation analyses indicated that the participation of users could only lead to IT innovativeness if they were accompanied by intrapreneurial leadership on the part of clinical directors and IT leaders and if a pronounced innovation culture prevailed.