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Institute
Sabine Krener ist enttäuscht. Sie bereitet sich auf einen Halbmarathon vor, hat aber zunehmend Probleme beim Laufen. Dass ihre Achillessehne schmerzt, kennt sie schon seit Jahren – nun wird es aber schlimmer, und es treten zudem ständig Krämpfe im rechten Bein auf. Zu allem Überfluss hat sie in den letzten sechs Wochen acht Kilo zugenommen.
Die Hebelwirkung einer Preisoptimierung ist enorm. Schon kleine Veränderungen des Preises schlagen sich meist signifikant auf den Gewinn nieder. Mit den richtigen Methoden und Konzepten im Preismanagement können Unternehmen ihre Ertragssituation nachhaltig verbessern.
Die Autoren stellen einen umfassenden und praxisorientierten Ansatz vor, der es Firmen erlaubt, schnell Verbesserungspotenziale im eigenen Unternehmen aufzudecken. In einem vierschrittigen Konzept aus Preisstrategie, Produktpricing, Kundenpricing und Preisdurchsetzung im Markt werden alle Ansatzpunkte im Preismanagement ausführlich und detailliert behandelt.
Ein wichtiger Aspekt im Buch sind Praxisbeispiele und Cases. An vielen Stellen werden die Ausführungen durch Best-Practices aus dem Unternehmensalltag ergänzt. Dies gibt einen guten Einblick, wie sich die einzelnen Themen in der Praxis tatsächlich lösen lassen. Zusätzlich finden sich auch ausführliche und sehr informative Fallstudien von GE und MAN.
Das Autorenteam verfügt über eine langjährige Erfahrung in allen Bereichen des Preismanagements und hat für zahlreiche, internationale Unternehmen Pricingprojekte geleitet. Dies zeigt sich im Buch auf jeder Seite. Alle Tipps und Tricks entstammen dem Unternehmensalltag und sind direkt praxiserprobt. Der Leser erhält dadurch Managementwissen aus erster Hand, um ein erfolgreiches Preismanagement im eigenen Unternehmen zu implementieren. Durch das systematische Vorgehen und die umfassenden Praxisbeispiele können sowohl Pricing-Einsteiger als auch Pricing-Profis viele wertvolle Hinweise für die tägliche Arbeit gewinnen.
Bei dieser mit dem dbl-Nachwuchspreis 2018 ausgezeichneten Pilotstudie erhielten sechs ProbandInnen in der Akutphase ihres erstmaligen Schlaganfalls eine hochfrequente Therapie in Anlehnung an die Propriozeptive Neuromuskuläre Fazilitation (PNF) kombiniert mit motorischer Imagination einer autobiografischen Erinnerung oder nur in Anlehnung an PNF. Zentrale Fragestellungen vor und nach der Intervention waren die Veränderungen des Schweregrades der Fazialisparese und der krankheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität der Betroffenen.
Background
Osteoarthritis of the knee is the most common cause for disability and limited mobility in the elderly, with considerable individual suffering and high direct and indirect disease-related costs. Nonsurgical interventions such as exercise, enhanced physical activity, and self-management have shown beneficial effects for pain reduction, physical function, and quality of life (QoL), but access to these treatments may be limited. Therefore, home therapy is strongly recommended. However, adherence to these programs is low. Patients report lack of motivation, feedback, and personal interaction as the main barriers to home therapy adherence. To overcome these barriers, electronic health (eHealth) is seen as a promising opportunity. Although beneficial effects have been shown in the literature for other chronic diseases such as chronic pain, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, a systematic literature review on the efficacy of eHealth interventions for patients with osteoarthritis of knee is missing so far.
Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of eHealth-supported home exercise interventions with no or other interventions regarding pain, physical function, and health-related QoL in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.
Methods
MEDLINE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and PEDro were systematically searched using the keywords osteoarthritis knee, eHealth, and exercise. An inverse variance random-effects meta-analysis was carried out pooling standardized mean differences (SMDs) of individual studies. The Cochrane tool was used to assess risk of bias in individual studies, and the quality of evidence across studies was evaluated following the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.
Results
The literature search yielded a total of 648 results. After screening of titles, abstracts, and full-texts, seven randomized controlled trials were included. Pooling the data of individual studies demonstrated beneficial short-term (pain SMD=−0.31, 95% CI −0.58 to −0.04, low quality; QoL SMD=0.24, 95% CI 0.05-0.43, moderate quality) and long-term effects (pain −0.30, 95% CI −0.07 to −0.53, moderate quality; physical function 0.41, 95% CI 0.17-0.64, high quality; and QoL SMD=0.27, 95% CI 0.06-0.47, high quality).
Conclusions
eHealth-supported exercise interventions resulted in less pain, improved physical function, and health-related QoL compared with no or other interventions; however, these improvements were small (SMD<0.5) and may not make a meaningful difference for individual patients. Low adherence is seen as one limiting factor of eHealth interventions. Future research should focus on participatory development of eHealth technology integrating evidence-based principles of exercise science and ways of increasing patient motivation and adherence.
Purpose
Differences between standard dysarthria treatment and the same treatment with the integration of neurodynamic techniques tailored to the severity of dysarthria in patients with Parkinson's disease were examined.
Method
In total, 10 subjects with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and rigid–hypokinetic dysarthria were enrolled in this quasi-randomized, controlled, single-blind, pre–post study. In each of 12 therapy sessions the control group (n = 5) received standard dysarthria treatment (usual care), while the intervention group (n = 5) received the same treatment with the addition of integrated neurodynamic treatment (special care).
Results
There was no significant difference between the two groups for either the pre-test (p = 0.739) or the post-test (p = 0.156) results. However, significant differences between the pre-test and post-test results within each group (intervention group p = 0.001; control group p = 0.003) were found.
Conclusions
The significant differences in the pre–post comparison within the groups may indicate a high probability of a positive effect of standard dysarthria treatment on the severity of dysarthria. In between-group comparisons, the study results indicated no evidence of a significant difference between standard dysarthria treatment with or without neurodynamics. Due to the small sample size, the effectiveness of the integration of neurodynamics into speech therapy cannot be definitively concluded for now. In order to be able to have generalized applicability, future studies with larger numbers of participants are required.
Objectives
To investigate differences in pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and longitudinal mechanosensitivity of the greater occipital nerve (GON) between patients with side-dominant head and neck pain (SDHNP) and healthy controls. Evaluation of neural sensitivity is not a standard procedure in the physical examination of headache patients but may influence treatment decisions.
Methods
Two blinded investigators evaluated PPTs on two different locations bilaterally over the GON as well as the occipitalis longsitting-slump (OLSS) in subjects with SDHNP (n = 38)) and healthy controls (n = 38).
Results
Pressure pain sensitivity of the GON was lower at the occiput in patients compared to controls (p = 0.001). Differences in pressure sensitivity of the GON at the nucheal line, or between the dominant headache side and the non-dominant side were not found (p > 0.05). The OLSS showed significant higher pain intensity in SDHNP (p < 0.001). In comparison to the non-dominant side, the dominant side was significantly more sensitive (p = 0.004).
Discussion
Palpation of the GON at the occiput and the OLSS may be potentially relevant tests in SDHNP. One explanation for an increased bilateral sensitivity may be sensitization mechanisms. Future research should investigate the efficacy of neurodynamic techniques directed at the GON.