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Using communities of practice theory to teach Public Relations in higher education: a case study of an international undergraduate course (2018)
Umansky, Dimitrij ; ter Halle, Igor
This paper introduces and empirically illustrates a pedagogical approach to teaching Public Relations (PR) in higher education. The approach is based on the Communities of Practice theory (Wenger, 1998). Based on this theory and for the purposes of this paper, learning is perceived as (1) a participation in a practice of (2) a social community and (3) the understanding of this practice. The pedagogical approach to teaching PR entails the facilitation of these three elements. The approach is illustrated through a case study. The authors conducted an international undergraduate course to teach students how to conduct a social media campaign to raise engagement for social issues. Twenty students from Netherlands and Germany enrolled. The paper offers an integrated understanding of theory and practice (see Wenger, 1998, p. 48). It contrasts many current approaches in PR education, which tend to differentiate between PR theory and practice. PR educators are encouraged to facilitate an equal negotiation between theory and practice and to enable students to match whatever is theorised with practice and whatever is practiced with theory.
The Idea Maturity Model - A Dynamic Approach to Evaluate Idea Maturity (2018)
Gochermann, Josef ; Nee, Ingo
In idea creation and assessment processes the accruement and the description of an idea are mostly allocated to a fixed point in time, defined as the end of the generating process and the start of the idea assessment. This static approach does not fit the reality in industrial idea processes. A dynamic approach for idea assessment is therefore introduced. An idea is not seen as a static but as a dynamic state, characterized by different degrees of maturity. Maturity is understood as a measure of the assessability of the individual evaluation characteristics. Based on Crosby’s maturity model and on classical Capability Maturity Models, a new Idea Maturity Model (IMM) has been developed and is introduced for the first time. The five Idea Maturity Levels (IML) are named Initial, Awareness, Appraisability, Valuation, and Realisability and harmonize well with other maturity models. The levels are described by general characteristics, although the development of the maturity model focussed on new product or service development. The compatibility of the IMM with idea assessment processes and conditions in organisations and companies has been checked.
Measuring altered movement patterns of musicians - Accuracy of a Motion Capturing System outside laboratory conditions (2018)
Zalpour, Christoff ; Möller, Dirk ; Ballenberger, Nikolaus ; Wolf, Eduard
No loss of accuracy out of lab. Large volume (long distance of cameras) leads to merging of close markers. No conclusion about accuracy when markers are changing positions. However: no assessment of accuracy possible due to missing gold Standard. No guarantee of accuracy with calibration by wand.
Indian Rebellious Female Talent (2018)
Böhmer, Nicole ; Schinnenburg, Heike
This paper introduces ideas to reduce talent scarcity by binding female talent in India. As a theoretical lens Neo-Institutionalism in the Indian context is combined with the family-relatedness of work decision model. The qualitative research design and first results as well as propositions for companies are included.
Mobile Eye Tracking in Landscape Architecture: Discovering a New Application for Research on Site (2018)
Junker, Dirk ; Nollen, Christian
This chapter presents the process of establishing a laboratory for mobile eye tracking focussing on real-world, open-space environments within the field of landscape architecture at the Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences (D) as well as the latest results from the feasibility study ‘Point de Vue’, which defines the basis for qualitative interaction analyses in landscape architecture. Eye tracking is a tool that has been used extensively in the domains of psychology, marketing, usability and user experience in remote and mobile applications, but has rarely been used in real-world open spaces because of technical limitations. To check the possibilities of mobile eye tracking as a new application in open spaces, several exploratory tests and a feasibility study with long-term experiments have been carried out in urban settings as well as in world famous parks such as ‘Grosser Garten’ in Hannover (D) and ‘Stourhead’ in Wiltshire (GB). These experiments have shown extraordinary results that enable us to use mobile eye tracking as a new tool in open space research to gain knowledge about how people act, react and interact in open-space environments. Being able to see and understand what catches one’s eye and the response to it will be a guide to better design.
Organizational Adoption of Social Media in Ethical Fashion (2018)
Jacob, Axel ; Teuteberg, Frank
This study investigates how microenterprises in Ethical Fashion (EF) retail adopt and make use of social media. Drawing on an explorative case study, supplemented by an action research approach, we first examine the antecedents of a successful Adoption based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. Subsequently, we shed light on the benefits and drawbacks of social media adoption for the three microenterprises of our case study on the operational and the strategical level. More particularly, we present how they improve value creation through the employment of social media in their value networks and how they overcome the lack of a sophisticated IT infrastructure. Finally, we investigate the reluctance of the three microenterprises to adopt inter-organizational information systems. The findings of our study also reveal a halo effect in the adoption process that may mislead the adopting organization.
Manual Therapy in Muscle Tension Dysphonia in Professional Singers and Actors (2018)
Schemmann, Heike
This document is an abstract of a workshop delivered at the 36th Symposium of the Performing Arts Medicine Association (PAMA)
High Performance and Privacy for Distributed Energy Management: Introducing PrivADE+ and PPPM (2018)
Brettschneider, Daniel ; Hölker, Daniel ; Tönjes, Ralf
Distributed Energy Management (DEM) will play a vital role in future smart grids. An important and often overlooked factor in this concept is privacy. This paper presents two privacy-preserving DEM algorithms called PrivADE+ and PPPM. PrivADE+ uses a round-based energy management procedure for switchable and dynamically adaptable loads. PPPM utilises on the market-based PowerMatcher approach. Both algorithms apply homomorphic encryption to privately gather aggregated data and exchange commands. Simulations show that PrivADE+ and PPPM achieve good energy management quality with low communication requirements and without negative influences on robustness.
Hospital CEOs Need Health IT Knowledge and Trust in CIOs: Insights from a Qualitative Study (2018)
Thye, Johannes ; Hübner, Ursula ; Hüsers, Jens ; Liebe, Jan-David
Background: IT is getting an increasing importance in hospitals. In this context, major IT decisions are often made by CEOs who are not necessarily IT experts. Objectives: Therefore, this study aimed at a) exploring different types of IT decision makers at CEO level, b) identifying hypotheses if trust exists between these different types of CEOs and their CIOs and c) building hypotheses on potential consequences regarding risk taking and innovation. Methods: To this end, 14 qualitative interviews with German hospital CEOs were conducted to explore the research questions. Results: The study revealed three major types: IT savvy CEOs, IT enthusiastic CEOs and IT indifferent CEOs. Depending on these types, their relationship with the CIO varied in terms of trust and common language. In case of IT indifferent CEOs, a potential vicious circle of lack of IT knowledge, missing trust, low willingness to take risks and low innovation power could be identified. Conclusion: In order to break of this circle, CEOs seem to need more IT knowledge and / or greater trust in their CIO.
TIGER’s Teachers Initiative: Case Studies for Health Informatics Education (2018)
Hübner, Ursula ; Procter, Paula ; Hackl, Werner ; Egbert, Nicole ; Ball, Marion
Teachers in health informatics have a broad variety of international and national educational recommendations to rely on when designing programmes, curricula, courses and educational material. However, in addition they often need very specific information for their setting, blue-prints, hands-on experience and encouragement to try something new. This workshop presents three case studies from European universities who have implemented inter-professional, technology enabled health informatics courses in undergraduate, postgraduate and open university settings. These approaches will be put into the context of the TIGER recommendation framework that includes priority ratings of health informatics competencies and case studies to illustrate them. The workshop attendees will have ample opportunity to exchange ideas with the presenters and start a mutual learning process for health informatics teachers.
Demographical Change and Differences of Diversity Attitudes between Employees with and without an Immigration Background (2018)
Keysers, Pia ; Genkova, Petia
The demographic shift in the age structure has the effects that many ageing employees work in organisations. Migration can slow down the ageing of population but could not stop it. More and more people with immigration background work in organisations. Therefore, the question is, whether diversity sensitive attitudes count for all diversity aspects. The central aim of the study is to deal with the problem fields of multicultural teamwork. Thereby, the focus is on the collaboration of employees with and without immigration background. The interviews with employees with and without an immigra-tion background of various company branches were conducted. The results show that employees with an immigration background have more contact and feel comfortable with persons from different cultures than employees without an immigration back-ground. The qualitative analysis indicates that there is a high need of competence devel-opment, especially intercultural and social competences in organisations. The results of the study reveal that personality traits and characteristics of employees play a role to what extent they accept diversity and are willing to work with persons from another culture. Age is not important regarding intercultural competence development.
Hard facts for the vision of a young and innovative city - Empirical analysis of students‘ living preferences (2018)
Wesselmann, Stefanie
Purpose Attracting skilled students is an important aim of many cities in a knowledge-based society. This paper focuses on urban factors of attractiveness from a student's perspective and analyses their influence on locational choices of students. The criteria found were also used to evaluate how the City of Osnabrück, Germany, is rated in terms of these criteria and to reveal the greatest discrepancies. Design / Methodology / Approach The paper is based on a multi-level empirical research concept, including qualitative and quantitative approaches. A survey of 2,300 students was conducted in Osnabrück on the basis of focus group discussions with students and interviews with various experts such as a neighbourhood manager, an urban planner, a district mayor, a college president, a real estate manager. Originality/value To date, little research has been undertaken to empirically examine the specific requirements that German students look for in a place to live and study. According to the author’s present state of knowledge (January 2018), a comparable study has not been done. The main contribution of this paper is the empirical analysis of what makes cities attractive to students. In contrast to the findings of Richard Florida about the Creative Class, the cleanliness of a city, beautiful city scenery, and attractive apartments are more important to students than cultural offers, interesting job opportunities, or a multicultural population. Practical Implications Insights from the empirical survey can both help to analyse important factors in students' decision-making process and provide possible measures that the city stakeholders can take. Keywords 1. Knowledge-based urban development 2. Mobility decisions by students and skilled professionals 3. Location factors 4. Place branding Proposed paper: Academic Research Paper
Still Searching or Have You Found It Already? – Usability and Web Design of an Educational Website (2018)
Meeh-Bunse, Gunther ; Lamberz, Julia ; Litfin, Thorsten ; Teckert, Özlem
Background: Apart from a straight-forward and intuitive operability an appealing design determines the success of a website equally well. For this reason, the selection of images and navigation bars plays a determining role. The eye tracking method proved to be appropriate in order to verify the usability of websites. Objectives: The aim of the study was to improve the usability of the website of an educational institute for trainees as target group. Methods/Approach: For this purpose, the use of an eye-tracking technology was combined with a survey. The eye-tracking study was implemented task-oriented. Test persons were asked to search for particular courses within this institute. Results: This approach in combination with a subsequent questionnaire resulted in tangible indications of search patterns of the test group. Furthermore, their perception and their appraisal of the usability as well as the web design was analysed. Even though most tasks were accomplished effectively and efficiently with a positive user feedback, a potential for improvement was detected, in particular with regard to the images and the location of the search field. Conclusions: The selected choice of methods enables researchers and web designers to derive recommendations for the orientation, structure, optimisation and comprehensibility of a website.
Why mimicking competitors doesn’t plug the leaky talent pipeline (2018)
Böhmer, Nicole ; Schinnenburg, Heike
Talent scarcity in many parts of the world leads to the necessity to enlarge talent pools in order to provide enough future holders of key positions. Taking the scholarly discussion at the overlap of talent management and current careers literature as a starting point our qualitative empirical research provides insights in talent’s career decisions in an eastern emerging market, India, and a western developed country, Germany. 49 interviews with internationally experienced knowledge-workers were held to find out how to they come to career decisions throughout their career. Special focus was the balancing act of professional and private life sphere. An inductive-deductive approach was used to develop categories in MaxQda. Results show the impact of institutional frame, cultural context, and gender differences. Consequently, a stronger focus on talent’s different life phases with context specific deviations when configuring Talent Management in Multinational Enterprises can be advised.
Nutrient Recovery from Biogas Digestate by Optimised Membrane Treatment (2018)
Gienau, Tobias ; Rosenberger, Sandra
Biogas plants produce nutrient rich digestates as side products, which are usually used as local fertilisers. Yet the large amount and regional gradients of biogas plants in Germany necessitate management, conditioning, and transportation of digestates, in order to follow good fertilising procedure and prohibit local over-fertilisation. With a membrane-based treatment chain, i.e. centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis, digestates can be separated into a solid N,P-fertiliser, a liquid N,K-fertiliser, and dischargeable water. Up to now, the high energy demand of the process chain, in particular the ultrafiltration step, limits the economical market launch of the treatment chain. A reduction of the energy demand is challenging, as digestates exhibit a high fouling potential and ultrafiltration fluxes differ considerably for digestates from different biogas plants. In a systematic screening of 28 digestate samples from agricultural biogas plants and 6 samples from bio-waste biogas plants, ultrafiltration performance could be successfully linked to the rheological properties of the digestate’s liquid phase and to its macromolecular biopolymer concentration. By modification of the fluid characteristics through enzymatic treatment, ultrafiltration performance was considerably increased by factor 2.8 on average, which equals energy savings in the ultrafiltration step of approximately 45%. Consequently, the energy demand of the total treatment chain decreases, which offers potential for further rollout of the membrane-based digestate treatment.
Tackling challenges in SLT-practice – Peer coaching as a problem-solving tool in the clinical reasoning process (2018)
Haupt, Christina
The increasing complexity of caseloads in SLT practice, e.g. due to higher comorbidity, lacking information or experience in the treatment of complicated cases, calls for support from experienced as well as specialist practitioners from within the field - especially for novice therapists. One way to tackle these challenges may be peer coaching and how it can be employed within the educational and professional SLT setting. Peer coaching was implemented across five semesters of a successive SLT study programme at a University of Applied Sciences in Germany. The approach was embedded in a clinical reasoning seminar with 25 SLT students who each presented a challenging case study from their current workload. All participants completed a short online survey to evaluate the feasibility of the team approach within this setting as well as their personal benefit and development re. the discussed case studies. Students felt encouraged by being able to share their experience and tackle actual challenges. They particularly valued receiving answers from a broad range of other SLTs but also contributing to other students’ queries and providing practical solutions for them. All participants felt that peer coaching was an appropriate approach for clinical reasoning to support their professional as well as personal development. Other outcomes were a perceived increased ability to employ metacognitive reflection to be used with their whole caseload but also a prospective need for further training. Some students suggested the employment of peer coaching within their work setting. In the educational as well as professional SLT setting, peer coaching can be successfully employed, triggering metacognitive reflection re. practitioner’s thinking and acting, resulting in an increased awareness of needs and skills as part of the clinical reasoning process.
Preventive home visits – a chance for older people to stay at home as long as possible (2018)
Blotenberg, Britta ; Seeling, Stefanie ; Büscher, Andreas
Introduction: Due to demographic change and lack of health care personnel new solutions like preventive home visits (PHV) are necessary. PHV reduces the risk of long-term care and therefore, enables older people to live in their home as long as possible. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to analyse the acceptance of PHV and the effect of PHV on health status of the older people. Methods: In this mixed method study PHV as a nursing intervention will be offered to people older than 65 years, not yet eligible for benefits from the long-term care insurance and living in Emlichheim, a region in the northwestern part of Lower Saxony. A sample of 75 people is determined. The health status will be recorded with the Short Form 12 questionnaire. Fifteen semi-structured interviews will be performed to investigate acceptance of the PHV intervention. Quantitative data will be analysed using inferential statistics, qualitative data will be analysed using content analysis. Ethical approval has been obtained. Results: It is expected that the findings of this study complete current knowledge about the concept of PHV. Practical relevance: This study is of high practical relevance, because additional insights of acceptance might enable the adaption of the PHV concept. Furthermore, increased knowledge and motivation for preventive behaviour of the older people is anticipated in order to extend their autonomy. The results of this study could contribute to the implementation of PHV in Germany, especially in rural areas. It tends to allow a self-determined life in their familiar environment for the older people, as the biggest need of this group.
Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare for Women Asylum Seekers: Situation Analysis in Switzerland and Recommendations (2018)
zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, Friederike
Background Forced migration significantly endangers health. Women face numerous health risks, including sexual violence, lack of contraception, sexually transmitted disease, and adverse perinatal outcomes. Therefore, sexual and reproductive healthcare is a significant aspect of women asylum seekers’ health. Even when healthcare costs of asylum seekers are covered by the government, there may be strong barriers to healthcare access and specific needs may be addressed inadequately. The study’s objectives were a) to assess the accommodation and healthcare services provided to women asylum seekers in standard and specialised health care, b) to assess the organisation of healthcare provision and how it addresses the sexual and reproductive healthcare needs of women asylum seekers. Methods The study utilised a multi-method approach, comprising a less-dominant quantitative component and dominant qualitative component. The quantitative component assessed accommodation conditions for women in eight asylum centres using a survey. The qualitative component assessed healthcare provision on-site, using semi-structured interviews with health and social care professionals (n = 9). Asylum centres were selected to cover a wide range of characteristics. Interview analysis was guided by thematic analysis. Results The accommodation in the asylum centres provided gender-separate rooms and sanitary infrastructure. Two models of healthcare were identified, which differed in the services they provided and in their organisation: 1) a standard healthcare model characterised by a lack of coordination between healthcare providers, unavailability of essential services such as interpreters, and fragmented healthcare, and 2) a specialised healthcare model specifically tailored to the needs of asylum-seekers. Its organisation is characterised by a network of closely collaborating health professionals. It provided essential services not present in the standard model. We recommend the specialised healthcare model as a guideline for best practise. Conclusions The standard, non-specialised healthcare model used in some regions in Switzerland does not fully meet the healthcare needs of women asylum seekers. Specialised healthcare services used in other regions, which include translation services as well as gender and culturally sensitive care, are better suited to address these needs. More widespread use of this model would contribute significantly toward protecting the sexual and reproductive integrity and health of women asylum seekers.
Migration and Diversity Potentials for the Labour Market (2018)
Genkova, Petia
A successful integration of migrants in the labour market and in the organisations is getting more important based on demographic changes. The central aim of the investigation is to deal with problem fields of the Human Resource Management, which arise by demographic changes regarding migration. Therefore, an explorative qualitative study with human resource managers and diversity representatives of the large DAX companies was conducted. The views of leaders and employees with and without an immigration background regarding diversity potentials in organisation are compared in this study. The results indicate that diversity is important for organisation. Employees have recognised the importance of diversity. Managers have not recognised the seriousness and urgency of cultural diversity and diversity actions. Human resource managers are not able to assess the additional stress of migrants correctly and to consider them in their day-to-day management and diversity actions.
The potential relevance of altered muscle activity and fatigue in the development of performance-related musculoskeletal injuries in high string musicians (2018)
Möller, Dirk ; Ballenberger, Nikolaus ; Ackermann, Bronwen ; Zalpour, Christoff
Background: Muscle fatigue has been reported as a risk factor for the development of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD) in musicians. However, little research exists to support this claim. The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes occur in muscle activity patterns during high string performance over a prolonged playing period, and whether this is influenced by PRMD. Methods: High string musicians were divided into a PRMD and a non-PRMD group. They played a chromatic scale pre and post and a self-chosen “hard” (Borg scale 16-17) piece of music for one hour. Electromyography data recorded from arm, shoulder and trunk muscles was analyzed: the amplitude to measure muscle activity characteristics and the lower frequency to measure muscle fatigue. Differences between and within groups and the frequency spectrum were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results: Fifteen musicians participated (7 PRMD: 22.8 years, 2 male/5 female and 8 non-PRMD: 34.3 years, 2 male/6 female). Changes in muscle activation patterns were observed between and within both groups, however changes varied significantly depending on group affiliation. Significant low frequency spectrum changes between groups were observed in overall muscles of the right arm (p=0.04) and left forearm flexors (p=0.05) following one hour of playing. Conclusions: Muscle activity and frequency spectrum shifts differ in high string musicians with and without PRMD, suggesting possible differential muscle fatigue effects between the groups.
Not Alone: Designing for Self-Disclosure and Social Support Exchange After Pregnancy Loss (2018)
Andalibi, Nazanin ; Forte, Andrea ; Marcu, Gabriela ; Moesgen, Tim ; Mullin, Rebecca
Pregnancy loss is the most common complication in pregnancy. Yet those who experience it can find it challenging to disclose this loss and feelings associated with it, and to seek support for psychological and physical recovery. We describe our process for interleaving interviews, theoretical development, speculative design, and prototyping Not Alone to explore the design space for online disclosures and support seeking in the pregnancy loss context. Interviews with 27 women who had experienced pregnancy loss resulted in theoretical concepts such as “network-level reciprocal disclosure” (NLRD). We discuss how interview findings informed the design of the Not Alone prototype, a mobile application aimed at enabling disclosure and social support exchange among those with pregnancy loss experience. The Not Alone prototype embodies concepts that facilitate NLRD: perceptions of homophily, anonymity levels, and selfdisclosure by talking about one’s experience and engaging with others’ disclosures. In future work, we will use Not Alone as a technology probe for exploring NLRD as a design principle.
New developments of current regulations on non-financial reporting - An analysis of selected different regulations (2018)
Meeh-Bunse, Gunther ; Schomaker, Stefan
As of the reporting year 2017, extended non-financial reporting requirements will apply to certain large companies within the EU on the basis of the EU-Directive 2014/95/EU. The aim is to provide an overview of selected regulations for the new non-financial statements. This includes the analysis of the German Sustainability Code as well as the German Accounting Standard No. 20. The analysis shows a tightening of disclosure on non-financial reporting and an increased focus of disclosures on non-financial concepts, objectives and measures. Hence, the risk management of a preparer gains in importance with regard to non-financial aspects of the business activity.
New developments of current regulations on non-financial reportingan analysis of selected different regulations (2018)
Meeh-Bunse, Gunther ; Schomaker, Stefan
Caregivers’ awareness of early language difficulties in 3- and 4-year old German children (2018)
Haupt, Christina
In Germany, a lot of young children at risk of language difficulties still go undetected or are not assessed before preschool-age. For children where parents may suspect a disorder, this practice causes a lot of emotional distress alongside lost time for intervention. Thus, what contribution can parents and nursery staff make for the earlier detection of language difficulties? 34 children from four German kindergartens were tested with a standardized preschool screening for language problems by an SLT. Parents and nursery staff completed a questionnaire (FEE 3-4) that was designed to collect potential risk-factors and included the rating of children’s abilities across the main language domains. Outcomes from the FEE 3-4 were compared between parents and nursery staff as well as triangulated with results from the standardized screening. Agreement between parents and nursery staff re. individual children’s potential language difficulties was moderate (Kappa = 0.44, p = .050). Overall, nursery staff rated children’s language abilities more strictly and precisely than parents. Especially their rating of ‘word order’ (p = .022) and ‘verb endings’ contributed significantly to the identification of potential language difficulties similar to the standardized screening. The screening identified two children at risk without caregiver's concern, but not two others who were at risk of language disorder and for whom caregivers expressed concern. Caregiver’s awareness of early language difficulties appears to be rather intuitive. Young children at risk are most reliably detected if standardized instruments are used in combination with caregiver questionnaires. Ideally, this process includes data from parents and nursery staff to be interpreted by an experienced SLT, as the use of a standardized screening alone may lead to missed or mistaken identification where essential information about the child’s environment (e.g. risk factors) is not provided. If parents are concerned about children’s language, full assessment is clearly justified.
Automated Optimization of Solar-Thermal Systems Using Polysun® and Matlab® in a Loop (2018)
Koke, Johannes ; Kuhr, Matthias
Making solar thermal systems less expensive, often results in a lower system efficiency. However, the cost-benefit ratio is relevant from the perspective of the consumer. The complex impact of component-related and system-related design parameters on the economics of a complete system makes the evaluation and economical optimization difficult. Therefore, a complete simulation environment has been developed, which can automatically optimize solar-thermal systems,including collector and system parameters. The main collector module consists of a one-dimensional thermal model that was validated with a commercial solar collector. The efficiency curve and the production cost werecalculated as a function of several design and construction parameters. The collector module was linked to the commercial software Polysun®, so that parametric studies can be performed with minimaleffort. Optimization problems can be solved by using the Matlab® optimization toolbox. The simulation environment wasused for sensitivity studies and optimization problems in order to analyze the impact of collector design-parameters with respect to system cost, system yield andeconomic values. We will demonstrate how a collector can be optimized and how the ideal system parameters like collector number and storage volume can be easily calculated. Finally, we will show how the optimizer is used for a given system in order to find ideal values for the absorber-sheet thickness and the number of pipes. Due to the holistic approach, the application of this tool set can be used for collector development as well as for system planning.
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