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Comparison of variable liming strategies in organic farming systems using online pH-measurements
(2011)
In organic farming, soil pH is one of the most important soil characteristics affecting nutrient availability, soil microbial activity and plant growth. Using the soil pH mapping sensor system Veris MSP, detailed information on in-field variability of soil pH can be obtained enabling spatial variable lime application. Scenario calculations for an organically managed field in Germany reveal that compared with the standard farm practice (i.e. uniform liming rate) variable lime application does not lead to higher costs while soil pH is optimized in different field zones resulting in increased crop productivity. Using two different lime qualities increases liming costs moderately but gives farmers the chance to increase pH quickly in extreme low pH areas.
Characteristics of German Hospitals Adopting Health IT Systems : Results from an Empirical Study
(2011)
Hospital characteristics that facilitate IT adoption have been described by the literature extensively, however with controversial results. The aim of this study therefore is to draw a set of the most important variables from previous studies and include them in a combined analysis for testing their contribution as single factors and their interactions. Total number of IT systems installed and number of clinical IT systems in the hospital were used as criterion variables. Data from a national survey of German hospitals served as basis. Based on a stepwise multiple regression analysis four variables were identified to significantly explain the degree of IT adoption (60% explained variance): 1) hospital size, 2) IT department, 3) reference customer and 4) ownership (private vs. public). Our results replicate previous findings with regard to hospital size and ownership. In addition our study emphasizes the importance of a reliable internal structure for IT projects (existence of an IT department) and the culture of testing and installing most recent IT products (being a reference customer). None of the interactions between factors was significant.