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Aims: This study examines the relationship between the time, students spent abroad, personality traits and circumstances during this time with the student’s intercultural competence and integration performance in the target culture. Design and sample: The study had a correlative cross-sectional design. 202 academic subjects were surveyed. The average age was 22 years. There was one measuring time, to which 58 % of the participants stated that they have had a stay abroad. Measurements: Metacognitive, cognitive, motivational and behavioural intercultural competence were measured with the Cultural Intelligence Scale. The personality traits involvement, discipline, social competence, cooperation, dominance and stability were captured with the "Bochum inventory for job-related personality description-6F". Work-related attitudes as patterns of behaviour and experience were measured using the "Work-related Behaviour and Experiencing Pattern 44" (Geman: Arbeitsbezogene Verhaltens- und Erlebensmuster; AVEM). In addition, the demographic factors and characteristics of stays abroad as well as the integration into the target culture based on the Sociocultural Adaption Scale were examined. The data was tested for relationships and differences by tests for mean differences, variance and regression analyses. Results: There was a positive correlation between duration and cognitive, motivational and behavioural intercultural competence. The motivational competence is higher in subjects who have no risk pattern in the AVEM. The different types of competence influence each other at diverse times. Moreover, the suggested structural equation model could be confirmed. This showed the effect of the AVEM pattern on intercultural competence, moderated by the stay abroad and the social competence.
The central aim of the investigation at hand is to deal with the problem areas of Human Resource Management, which arise by demographic changes and migration. The paper focuses on mutual relationships. Managers and human resource managers are considered as multipliers. Older employees, migrants and women are important potential. Therefore, following research questions have been investigated: Which competences are necessary to promote to recognise the potential of migrants correctly and to promote them? Do the multipliers have to be more sensitized for the issue diversity? Do they have to develop specific competences to make the system more permeable and to make the entry and promotion of migrants possible? Which competences should be promoted to increase the sensitivity for diversity? The questions were examined by a qualitative investigation to develop hypotheses for a quantitative study. Overall, 30 interviews with managers, human resource managers and diversity representatives of the large DAX companies were conducted. Furthermore, 17 employees with immigration background and 15 employees without an immigration background were interviewed. The data was transcribed and analysed by the qualitative content analysis according to Mayring (2010). Comparative analyses were made with single items with Likert Scales. The investigation of managers and employees is a highly diversified issue. Therefore, the main focus of the project lays on the problem areas, conflicts and competences of human resources managers in demographic-sensitive personnel management. In comparison, employees with and without an immigration background were asked. The results show an interesting field of tension between self-perception and perception of others and the assessment of the relevance of diversity attitudes and measures, competences and their implementation. Furthermore, a contrary perception regarding strains and stresses of person with and without immigration background is determined, which is developed in the consequences of migrations stress and experiences of discrimination. The results indicate the need of promotion of competences, especially regarding intercultural competence. A critical analysis of the results will be presented.
Kurzfassung: Die vorliegende Untersuchung setzt sich mit den Problemfeldern der Personalauswahl und -entwicklung auseinander, welche die demografischen Veränderungen in Bezug auf Migration mit sich bringen. Explorativ soll die Ausprägung von sozialen und interkulturellen Kompetenzen und der Aspekt Diversity in Unternehmen untersucht werden. Hierzu wurden 69 Interviews durchgeführt und die intervallskalierten Selbsteinschätzungsskalen quantitativ verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Mitarbeiter die Relevanz von Diversity-Einstellungen und Maßnahmen, Kompetenzen und Umsetzung dieser deutlich höher bewerten als die Führungskräfte. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf den Bedarf einer Kompetenzförderung hin, insbesondere in Bezug auf die interkulturelle Kompetenz.
Kurzfassung: Die vorliegende Untersuchung untersucht die Auswirkungen
der Dauer eines Auslandsaufenthaltes von Studierenden sowie von arbeitsbezogenen Persönlichkeitsfaktoren und Charakteristika auf die interkulturelle Kompetenz und die Integration der Teilnehmer. Die Untersuchung erfolgte in Form einer korrelativen Querschnittstudie. Insgesamt 202 Probanden mit akademischer Ausbildung wurden untersucht. Es wurden die interkulturelle Kompetenz, Persönlichkeitsmerkmale und arbeitsbezogene Einstellungen gemessen, sowie demographische Faktoren des Auslandsaufenthaltes und die Integration in die Zielkultur. Es gibt einen positiven Zusammenhang zwischen der Dauer von Auslandsaufenthalten und kognitiver, motivationaler und verhaltensbezogener interkultureller
Kompetenz.