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Simulation von Laserscannern in Pflanzenbeständen für die Entwicklung umfeldbasierter Funktionen
(2018)
Es werden drei Modellierungsansätze zur Simulation von Laserscannern in Pflanzenbeständen für die Entwicklung umfeldbasierter Fahrzeugfunktionen beschrieben. Das Sensorsignal der Distanzmessung wird dabei anhand realer Messwerte oder phänomenologisch und auf der Basis empirisch ermittelter Kennwerte in Abhängigkeit von objekt- und sensorspezifischen Einflussfaktoren abgebildet. Basierend auf den Methoden zur Simulation von Distanzmesssystemen der Open Source Simulationsumgebung Gazebo wurden die Modellierungsansätze als spezifische Sensor- und Umfeldmodelle implementiert. Die Modelle wurden insbesondere für den Einsatz an mobilen landwirtschaftlichen Arbeitsmaschinen und für die Anwendung in der Getreideernte optimiert.
Regionaler Hochwasserschutz
(2018)
Mehrere Hochwasserereignisse haben in den letzten Jahren zu erheblichen Vermögensschäden in der Region Osnabrück / Emsland geführt. Studien zur Klimaforschung prognostizieren eine Zunahme der Hochwassergefahren. Wie ist der Stand des regionalen Hochwasserschutzes nach den Erfahrungen aus dem Ereignis 2010? Welche Vorsorgemaßnahmen wurden getroffen und wo besteht noch Handlungsbedarf?
Die Tagung bietet einen Überblick über die aktuelle Situation des regionalen Hochwasserschutzes mit Vorträgen und Einschätzungen ausgewiesener Fachleute aus den Blickwinkeln der
• genehmigenden Behörden
• kommunalen Verantwortungsträger
• planenden Ingenieure
• Unterhaltungsverbände.
This paper introduces and empirically illustrates a pedagogical approach to teaching Public Relations (PR) in higher education. The approach is based on the Communities of Practice theory (Wenger, 1998). Based on this theory and for the purposes of this paper, learning is perceived as (1) a participation in a practice of (2) a social community and (3) the understanding of this practice. The pedagogical approach to teaching PR entails the facilitation of these three elements. The approach is illustrated through a case study. The authors conducted an international undergraduate course to teach students how to conduct a social media campaign to raise engagement for social issues. Twenty students from Netherlands and Germany enrolled. The paper offers an integrated understanding of theory and practice (see Wenger, 1998, p. 48). It contrasts many current approaches in PR education, which tend to differentiate between PR theory and practice. PR educators are encouraged to facilitate an equal negotiation between theory and practice and to enable students to match whatever is theorised with practice and whatever is practiced with theory.
A successful integration of migrants in the labour market and in the organisations is getting more important based on demographic changes. The central aim of the investigation is to deal with problem fields of the Human Resource Management, which arise by demographic changes regarding migration. Therefore, an explorative qualitative study with human resource managers and diversity representatives of the large DAX companies was conducted. The views of leaders and employees with and without an immigration background regarding diversity potentials in organisation are compared in this study. The results indicate that diversity is important for organisation. Employees have recognised the importance of diversity. Managers have not recognised the seriousness and urgency of cultural diversity and diversity actions. Human resource managers are not able to assess the additional stress of migrants correctly and to consider them in their day-to-day management and diversity actions.
Background: Muscle fatigue has been reported as a risk factor for the
development of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD) in
musicians. However, little research exists to support this claim. The aim of
this study was to investigate whether changes occur in muscle activity
patterns during high string performance over a prolonged playing period, and
whether this is influenced by PRMD.
Methods: High string musicians were divided into a PRMD and a non-PRMD
group. They played a chromatic scale pre and post and a self-chosen “hard”
(Borg scale 16-17) piece of music for one hour. Electromyography data
recorded from arm, shoulder and trunk muscles was analyzed: the amplitude
to measure muscle activity characteristics and the lower frequency to
measure muscle fatigue. Differences between and within groups and the
frequency spectrum were analyzed using linear mixed models.
Results: Fifteen musicians participated (7 PRMD: 22.8 years, 2 male/5 female
and 8 non-PRMD: 34.3 years, 2 male/6 female). Changes in muscle activation
patterns were observed between and within both groups, however changes
varied significantly depending on group affiliation. Significant low frequency
spectrum changes between groups were observed in overall muscles of the
right arm (p=0.04) and left forearm flexors (p=0.05) following one hour of
playing.
Conclusions: Muscle activity and frequency spectrum shifts differ in high
string musicians with and without PRMD, suggesting possible differential
muscle fatigue effects between the groups.
This study investigates how microenterprises in Ethical Fashion (EF) retail adopt and make use of social media. Drawing on an explorative case study, supplemented by an action research approach, we first examine the antecedents of a successful Adoption based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. Subsequently, we shed light on the benefits and drawbacks of social media adoption for the three microenterprises of our case study on the operational and the strategical level. More particularly, we present how they improve value creation through the employment of social media in their value networks and how they overcome the lack of a sophisticated IT infrastructure. Finally, we investigate the reluctance of the three microenterprises to adopt inter-organizational information systems. The findings of our study also reveal a halo effect in the adoption process that may mislead the adopting organization.
This paper introduces ideas to reduce talent scarcity by binding female talent in India. As a theoretical lens Neo-Institutionalism in the Indian context is combined with the family-relatedness of work decision model. The qualitative research design and first results as well as propositions for companies are included.
Introduction:
Due to demographic change and lack of health care personnel new solutions like preventive home visits (PHV) are necessary. PHV reduces the risk of long-term care and therefore, enables older people to live in their home as long as possible.
Aim of the study:
The aim of this study is to analyse the acceptance of PHV and the effect of PHV on health status of the older people.
Methods:
In this mixed method study PHV as a nursing intervention will be offered to people older than 65 years, not yet eligible for benefits from the long-term care insurance and living in Emlichheim, a region in the northwestern part of Lower Saxony. A sample of 75 people is determined. The health status will be recorded with the Short Form 12 questionnaire. Fifteen semi-structured interviews will be performed to investigate acceptance of the PHV intervention. Quantitative data will be analysed using inferential statistics, qualitative data will be analysed using content analysis. Ethical approval has been obtained.
Results:
It is expected that the findings of this study complete current knowledge about the concept of PHV.
Practical relevance:
This study is of high practical relevance, because additional insights of acceptance might enable the adaption of the PHV concept. Furthermore, increased knowledge and motivation for preventive behaviour of the older people is anticipated in order to extend their autonomy. The results of this study could contribute to the implementation of PHV in Germany, especially in rural areas. It tends to allow a self-determined life in their familiar environment for the older people, as the biggest need of this group.
Talent scarcity in many parts of the world leads to the necessity to enlarge talent pools in order to provide enough future holders of key positions. Taking the scholarly discussion at the overlap of talent management and current careers literature as a starting point our qualitative empirical research provides insights in talent’s career decisions in an eastern emerging market, India, and a western developed country, Germany. 49 interviews with internationally experienced knowledge-workers were held to find out how to they come to career decisions throughout their career. Special focus was the balancing act of professional and private life sphere. An inductive-deductive approach was used to develop categories in MaxQda. Results show the impact of institutional frame, cultural context, and gender differences. Consequently, a stronger focus on talent’s different life phases with context specific deviations when configuring Talent Management in Multinational Enterprises can be advised.
In Germany, a lot of young children at risk of language difficulties still go undetected or are not assessed before preschool-age. For children where parents may suspect a disorder, this practice causes a lot of emotional distress alongside lost time for intervention. Thus, what contribution can parents and nursery staff make for the earlier detection of language difficulties? 34 children from four German kindergartens were tested with a standardized preschool screening for language problems by an SLT. Parents and nursery staff completed a questionnaire (FEE 3-4) that was designed to collect potential risk-factors and included the rating of children’s abilities across the main language domains. Outcomes from the FEE 3-4 were compared between parents and nursery staff as well as triangulated with results from the standardized screening. Agreement between parents and nursery staff re. individual children’s potential language difficulties was moderate (Kappa = 0.44, p = .050). Overall, nursery staff rated children’s language abilities more strictly and precisely than parents. Especially their rating of ‘word order’ (p = .022) and ‘verb endings’ contributed significantly to the identification of potential language difficulties similar to the standardized screening. The screening identified two children at risk without caregiver's concern, but not two others who were at risk of language disorder and for whom caregivers expressed concern. Caregiver’s awareness of early language difficulties appears to be rather intuitive. Young children at risk are most reliably detected if standardized instruments are used in combination with caregiver questionnaires. Ideally, this process includes data from parents and nursery staff to be interpreted by an experienced SLT, as the use of a standardized screening alone may lead to missed or mistaken identification where essential information about the child’s environment (e.g. risk factors) is not provided. If parents are concerned about children’s language, full assessment is clearly justified.
The increasing complexity of caseloads in SLT practice, e.g. due to higher comorbidity, lacking information or experience in the
treatment of complicated cases, calls for support from experienced as well as specialist practitioners from within the field - especially
for novice therapists. One way to tackle these challenges may be peer coaching and how it can be employed within the educational
and professional SLT setting.
Peer coaching was implemented across five semesters of a successive SLT study programme at a University of Applied Sciences in
Germany. The approach was embedded in a clinical reasoning seminar with 25 SLT students who each presented a challenging case
study from their current workload. All participants completed a short online survey to evaluate the feasibility of the team approach
within this setting as well as their personal benefit and development re. the discussed case studies.
Students felt encouraged by being able to share their experience and tackle actual challenges. They particularly valued receiving
answers from a broad range of other SLTs but also contributing to other students’ queries and providing practical solutions for
them. All participants felt that peer coaching was an appropriate approach for clinical reasoning to support their professional as well
as personal development. Other outcomes were a perceived increased ability to employ metacognitive reflection to be used with
their whole caseload but also a prospective need for further training. Some students suggested the employment of peer coaching
within their work setting.
In the educational as well as professional SLT setting, peer coaching can be successfully employed, triggering metacognitive
reflection re. practitioner’s thinking and acting, resulting in an increased awareness of needs and skills as part of the clinical
reasoning process.
As of the reporting year 2017, extended non-financial reporting requirements will apply to certain large companies within the EU on the basis of the EU-Directive 2014/95/EU. The aim is to provide an overview of selected regulations for the new non-financial statements. This includes the analysis of the German Sustainability Code as well as the German Accounting Standard No. 20. The analysis shows a tightening of disclosure on non-financial reporting and an increased focus of disclosures on non-financial concepts, objectives and measures. Hence, the risk management of a preparer gains in importance with regard to non-financial aspects of the business activity.
Pregnancy loss is the most common complication in pregnancy. Yet those who experience it can find it challenging to disclose this loss and feelings associated
with it, and to seek support for psychological and physical recovery. We describe our process for
interleaving interviews, theoretical development, speculative design, and prototyping Not Alone to
explore the design space for online disclosures and
support seeking in the pregnancy loss context.
Interviews with 27 women who had experienced pregnancy loss resulted in theoretical concepts such as
“network-level reciprocal disclosure” (NLRD). We discuss how interview findings informed the design of
the Not Alone prototype, a mobile application aimed at enabling disclosure and social support exchange among those with pregnancy loss experience. The Not Alone prototype embodies concepts that facilitate NLRD: perceptions of homophily, anonymity levels, and selfdisclosure by talking about one’s experience and engaging with others’ disclosures. In future work, we will use Not Alone as a technology probe for exploring
NLRD as a design principle.
High Performance and Privacy for Distributed Energy Management: Introducing PrivADE+ and PPPM
(2018)
Distributed Energy Management (DEM) will play a vital role in future smart grids. An important and often
overlooked factor in this concept is privacy. This paper presents two privacy-preserving DEM algorithms
called PrivADE+ and PPPM. PrivADE+ uses a round-based energy management procedure for switchable and
dynamically adaptable loads. PPPM utilises on the market-based PowerMatcher approach. Both algorithms
apply homomorphic encryption to privately gather aggregated data and exchange commands. Simulations
show that PrivADE+ and PPPM achieve good energy management quality with low communication requirements
and without negative influences on robustness.
Teachers in health informatics have a broad variety of international and national educational recommendations to rely on when designing programmes, curricula, courses and educational material. However, in addition they often need very specific information for their setting, blue-prints, hands-on experience and encouragement to try something new. This workshop presents three case studies from European universities who have implemented inter-professional, technology enabled health informatics courses in undergraduate, postgraduate and open university settings. These approaches will be put into the context of the TIGER recommendation framework that includes priority ratings of health informatics competencies and case studies to illustrate them. The workshop attendees will have ample opportunity to exchange ideas with the presenters and start a mutual learning process for health informatics teachers.
Background: IT is getting an increasing importance in hospitals. In this
context, major IT decisions are often made by CEOs who are not necessarily IT
experts. Objectives: Therefore, this study aimed at a) exploring different types of IT
decision makers at CEO level, b) identifying hypotheses if trust exists between these
different types of CEOs and their CIOs and c) building hypotheses on potential
consequences regarding risk taking and innovation. Methods: To this end, 14
qualitative interviews with German hospital CEOs were conducted to explore the
research questions. Results: The study revealed three major types: IT savvy CEOs,
IT enthusiastic CEOs and IT indifferent CEOs. Depending on these types, their
relationship with the CIO varied in terms of trust and common language. In case of
IT indifferent CEOs, a potential vicious circle of lack of IT knowledge, missing trust,
low willingness to take risks and low innovation power could be identified.
Conclusion: In order to break of this circle, CEOs seem to need more IT knowledge
and / or greater trust in their CIO.
The demographic shift in the age structure has the effects that many ageing employees work in organisations. Migration can slow down the ageing of population but could not stop it. More and more people with immigration background work in organisations. Therefore, the question is, whether diversity sensitive attitudes count for all diversity aspects. The central aim of the study is to deal with the problem fields of multicultural teamwork. Thereby, the focus is on the collaboration of employees with and without immigration background. The interviews with employees with and without an immigra-tion background of various company branches were conducted. The results show that employees with an immigration background have more contact and feel comfortable with persons from different cultures than employees without an immigration back-ground. The qualitative analysis indicates that there is a high need of competence devel-opment, especially intercultural and social competences in organisations. The results of the study reveal that personality traits and characteristics of employees play a role to what extent they accept diversity and are willing to work with persons from another culture. Age is not important regarding intercultural competence development.
Die Unterstützung des Maschinenführers auf der Landmaschine durch digitale Dienste nimmt immer stärker zu. Die Darstellungsmöglichkeiten sind jedoch auf die Größe der eingesetzten Terminals beschränkt. Um Sichteinschränkungen aus der Kabine durch zusätzliche Terminals zu vermeiden, ist der Einsatz von Augmented Reality sinnvoll. Hier lassen sich die vorhandenen Informationen statisch oder dynamisch in das Sichtfeld des Landwirts einblenden. Doch erst durch die in diesen Beitrag gezeigte Overlay Darstellungsebene mit integrierten Informationen lässt sich das Potenzial der Augmented Reality vollständig nutzen.