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Currently, the treatment of musicians is an interprofessional approach. Playing-related health complaints may impact the performance of a musician. In Germany, a medical consulting hour for musicians exists, but those for athletes in sports medicine are not so common. The diagnosing and treatment procedure within the physiotherapy consultation for musicians follows a specific concept-b and requires knowledge of instruments and musician-specific complaints. Based on the consulting hour in a clinic in Osnabrueck, 614 case reports were part of this sample, of which 558 data sets were complete. The focus of the analysis is the instrument and the primary complaint. Also, the type of therapy is characterized, and the amount is calculated. Primary complaints of musicians, in general, are found most frequently in the spine and upper extremity. Musician complaints are different between instruments. Instrumentalists have a significantly higher chance to suffer from a primary complaint in the area of the upper extremity. Furthermore, the groups without an instrument (e.g., singing or dancing) are developing complaints in the anatomical area which they primarily use. Therefore, these types of therapy were used: physiotherapy, manual therapy, and osteopathy with an average of 5.9 treatment units. This study underpinned the importance of musician-specific physiotherapy as a profession to treat musicians. Also, an interdisciplinary approach is necessary to treat all aspects of complaints.
Wer eine Physiotherapiezeitschrift von Thieme abonniert hat, kann damit künftig Fortbildungspunkte sammeln. Regel-mäßig wird es sogenannte CPTE-Artikel samt Fragen geben, die man online beantworten kann. Der Artikel erzählt den Weg der Forschungsgruppe, die sich mit Continuing Physiotherapy Education beschäftigt.
Wer eine Physiotherapiezeitschrift von Thieme abonniert hat, kann damit künftig Fortbildungspunkte sammeln. Regelmäßig wird es sogenannte CPTE-Artikel samt Fragen geben, die man online beantworten kann. Der Artikel erzählt den Weg der Forschungsgruppe, die sich mit Continuing Physiotherapy Education beschäftigt.
Der Beitrag widmet sich der Frage, wie der Transformationsprozess zu einer auf Nachhaltigkeit bedachten Gesellschaft auf kommunaler Ebene begünstigt werden kann. Ausgehend vom Spannungsverhältnis zwischen dem individuellen Handeln der Bürger und den politisch-rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen, werden anhand von zwei Fallstudien Erfolgsfaktoren für den nachhaltigen Wandel beschrieben. Am Beispiel des Osnabrücker Projekts „Wirtschaftsförderung 4.0“ und der „Münsteraner Strategie für klimaschonende Entscheidungen“ werden kommunale Maßnahmen untersucht, die klimafreundliches Verhalten im Alltag begünstigen.
Co-Creation in der Veranstaltungsbranche: Der Mehrwert von partizipativen Veranstaltungsformaten
(2021)
Das Konzept der Co-Creation hat sich zu einem vieldiskutierten Thema in der Veranstaltungsbranche entwickelt. Dieses Kapitel analysiert das Konzept von Co-Creation, auch vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Entstehung und Entwicklung im Rahmen der service-orientierten Sichtweise des Marketings. Ziel des Co-Creation-Ansatzes ist die Schaffung eines Mehrwertes für alle Beteiligten. Im Sinne eines gelungenen Wissenstransfers ist es für Veranstaltungs organisatoren dabei auch wichtig zu beachten, wie die Teilnehmer lernen und wie sie Informationen aufnehmen und behalten. Dazu werden verschiedene Lerntypen und Lernstile aus der Lernpsychologie vorgestellt. Die Ausführungen belegen die hohe Bedeutung von partizipativen Elementen, die somit neben den konventionellen Formaten (z. B. Frontalvorträgen) Bestandteil einer erfolgreichen Veranstaltung sein sollten. Das Kapitel stellt die prominentesten partizipativen Formate und deren Vor- und Nachteile vor und geht auch auf mögliche Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung ein.
Background:
Contact tracing apps are potentially useful tools for supporting national COVID-19 containment strategies. Various national apps with different technical design features have been commissioned and issued by governments worldwide.
Objective:
Our goal was to develop and propose an item set that was suitable for describing and monitoring nationally issued COVID-19 contact tracing apps. This item set could provide a framework for describing the key technical features of such apps and monitoring their use based on widely available information.
Methods:
We used an open-source intelligence approach (OSINT) to access a multitude of publicly available sources and collect data and information regarding the development and use of contact tracing apps in different countries over several months (from June 2020 to January 2021). The collected documents were then iteratively analyzed via content analysis methods. During this process, an initial set of subject areas were refined into categories for evaluation (ie, coherent topics), which were then examined for individual features. These features were paraphrased as items in the form of questions and applied to information materials from a sample of countries (ie, Brazil, China, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, and the United Kingdom [England and Wales]). This sample was purposefully selected; our intention was to include the apps of different countries from around the world and to propose a valid item set that can be relatively easily applied by using an OSINT approach.
Results:
Our OSINT approach and subsequent analysis of the collected documents resulted in the definition of the following five main categories and associated subcategories: (1) background information (open-source code, public information, and collaborators); (2) purpose and workflow (secondary data use and warning process design); (3) technical information (protocol, tracing technology, exposure notification system, and interoperability); (4) privacy protection (the entity of trust and anonymity); and (5) availability and use (release date and the number of downloads). Based on this structure, a set of items that constituted the evaluation framework were specified. The application of these items to the 10 selected countries revealed differences, especially with regard to the centralization of the entity of trust and the overall transparency of the apps’ technical makeup.
Conclusions:
We provide a set of criteria for monitoring and evaluating COVID-19 tracing apps that can be easily applied to publicly issued information. The application of these criteria might help governments to identify design features that promote the successful, widespread adoption of COVID-19 tracing apps among target populations and across national boundaries.
Hintergrund: Die Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) gilt als bedeutender Prädiktor für die Gesundheit. In der deutschen Bevölkerung ist sie nur unzureichend ausgeprägt. Die vorliegende Untersuchung geht der Frage nach, welchen Beitrag die Gesundheitsprofessionen zur Förderung der GK leisten können.
Ziel: In dieser Arbeit werden das Verständnis der Gesundheitsprofessionen von GK sowie fördernde und hemmende Faktoren bei ihrer Vermittlung untersucht.
Methode: Die Untersuchung wurde als qualitative Studie im Design der Grounded Theory durchgeführt. Es wurden 16 halbstrukturierte, leitfadengestützte Interviews geführt.
Ergebnis: Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen das Verständnis der Gesundheitsprofessionen von GK als Empowerment zu mehr Gesundheit. Dies soll mit einem Wechsel zur holistischen Perspektive auf die Menschen und der Verortung der Verantwortung für die Stärkung von GK in Politik und Gesellschaft gelingen. Voraussetzung dafür ist die vermehrte Aufmerksamkeit des Themas in Theorie und Praxis.
Schlussfolgerung: Aus den Ergebnissen dieser Untersuchung lassen sich Unterstützungsmaßnahmen für die Gesundheitsprofessionen bei ihrer Aufgabe, GK zu vermitteln, ableiten. Für ihre Mitarbeit muss intensiv geworben werden, zudem sind insbesondere politische Maßnahmen bedeutend, die auf ein höheres gesellschaftliches Engagement hinwirken.
Chronische Erkrankung
(2021)
Patientenschulungen sind in der ambulanten wie stationären pädiatrischen Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit chronischen Erkrankungen fest verankert. In diesem Beitrag werden nach Angaben zur Definition und Verbreitung chronischer Erkrankungen des Kindes- und Jugendalters die wichtigsten Ziele und Vorgehensweisen von Schulungsprogrammen für Patienten und ihre Familien dargelegt. Ausführlich vorgestellt werden Schulungen bei chronischem Kopfschmerz, Neurodermitis, Typ-1 Diabetes und juveniler idiopathischer Arthritis. Abschließend wird auf zukünftige Bedarfe bei der Evaluation und Weiterentwicklung dieser Programme eingegangen.
Seit Jahren schon hat Sarah J. das Gefühl, immer müder und weniger belastbar zu werden. Selbst im Garten schafft sie kaum noch was. Liegt es wirklich nur am Verlust ihres Mannes? Zunehmende Zahn- und Kieferschmerzen und Schmerzen im Thorax führen sie zur Physiotherapie. Dort rückt eine andere Vermutung in den Fokus.
The management of patients experiencing chronic orofacial pain is a great challenge, due to the complexity of chronic pain itself, combined with an increased peripheral sensitization in the craniofacial itself. Therefore, patients with orofacial pain may present a clear distortion of the somatorepresentation after some time. In this review, the authors develop a neurophysiological explanation of orofacial distortion, as well as propose assessment and treatment options, based on scarcely available scientific evidence and their own clinical experience. The assessments of facial somatosensory, cognitive-affective and motor dysfunctions are crucial to establish the most accurate treatment; the assessment tools are described in the article. Two-point discrimination, laterality recognition and emotion recognition are altered in patients with orofacial pain. Other sensorimotor assessment tools, such as motor acuity and auditory acuity, are also explained. Finally, the authors review their treatment proposals, based on the integration of brain training techniques and biobehavioral interventions. Somatosensory reintegration (tactile acuity training), facial emotion recognition, movement representation techniques, orofacial motor training and therapeutic patient education are explained in detail, and this may challenge new directions in rehabilitation and research.
BACKGROUND: The Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory (CF-PDI) is a cross-culturally adapted instrument designed from a biopsychosocial perspective to measure pain, disability, and function in orofacial head and neck pain with shown psychometric properties; however, the German cross-cultural adaption is lacking.
OBJECTIVES: To carry out a transcultural translation of CF-PDI into German and assess its psychometric properties in patients with painful temporomandibular disorders (TMD) with respect to construct and clinical validity, internal consistency and reproducibility.
STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional design.
SETTING: Patients (n = 398) were recruited from dental and physical therapy clinics in middle and south Germany.
METHODS: Structural validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We investigated know-group validity by means of the scale’s potential to discriminate between affected and unaffected subjects. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate convergent validity. We tested test-retest reliability by the intraclass correlation coefficient and the Internal consistency by Cronbach’s alpha, or each dimension separately, and the total score. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate convergent validity.
RESULTS: Two hundred forty-six heterogeneous chronic craniofacial pain patients and 152 patients without complaints were recruited from the middle and south of Germany. The German version CF-PDI-G presents 21 items, 4 factors, and adequate psychometric properties. The test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the CF-PDI-G were both excellent for the entire instrument and also for all sub-scales (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] > 0.90) except for the comorbidities and interference with work which was acceptable (ICC = 0.69). Standard error of the measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change values are sufficiently low. Assessment of clinical validity shows good potential of discrimination and classification into categories “no,” “mild,” “moderate,” and “severe.” The multiple linear regression model showed a strong association between neck disability index, Visual Analog Scale, and anamnestic questionnaire (supporting the scale’s convergent validity).
LIMITATIONS: Our sample has a higher prevalence of women and the sample was not recruited consecutively, which may lead to a biased estimation of psychometric properties.
CONCLUSIONS: The CF-PDI-G represents valid and reliable instrument to assess pain and disability in patients with orofacial pain and headache suitable for research and clinical practice.
Bruxismus ist keine Krankheit, sondern ein Sammelbegriff für Parafunktionen wie Zähnepressen oder Knirschen. Um Begleitsymptome des Bruxismus zu beeinflussen, ist eine Untersuchung des orofazialen und kraniozervikalen Systems sinnvoll. Die gefundenen auffälligen Zeichen leiten die Therapeuten in der muskuloskelettalen Therapie, die aus Hands-on und -off-Techniken besteht.
The PosiThera project focuses on the management of chronic wounds, which is multi-professional and multi-disciplinary. For this context, a software prototype was developed in the project, which is intended to support medical and nursing staff with the assistance of artificial intelligence. In accordance with the user-centred design, national workshops were held at the beginning of the project with the involvement of domain experts in wound care in order to identify requirements and use cases of IT systems in wound care, with a focus on AI. In this study, the focus was on involving nursing and nursing science staff in testing the software prototype to gain insights into its functionality and usability. The overarching goal of the iterative testing and adaptation process is to further develop the prototype in a way that is close to care.
Older people, across the spectrum of life, experience socio-demographic changes that easily hinder the capacity of health and social care practitioners to promote person-centred care within this group. This chapter aims to share three case studies demonstrating the promotion of person-centred care for people with dementia in Taiwan, Germany and Australia. The case studies demonstrate interdisciplinary implementation of practice development projects by practitioners in medicine, nursing and occupational therapy in community and nursing home care settings. Claims, concerns and issues are used by facilitators to negotiate a shared interpretation among a wide range of stakeholder groups or to reach a consensus on constructions about workplace experiences. The focus on dementia demonstrated that even when working with a vulnerable population group, practitioners, service providers, non-governmental organisations and policymakers can work towards empowering service users and their family carers to achieve person-centred care experiences.