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Purpose
Differences between standard dysarthria treatment and the same treatment with the integration of neurodynamic techniques tailored to the severity of dysarthria in patients with Parkinson's disease were examined.
Method
In total, 10 subjects with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and rigid–hypokinetic dysarthria were enrolled in this quasi-randomized, controlled, single-blind, pre–post study. In each of 12 therapy sessions the control group (n = 5) received standard dysarthria treatment (usual care), while the intervention group (n = 5) received the same treatment with the addition of integrated neurodynamic treatment (special care).
Results
There was no significant difference between the two groups for either the pre-test (p = 0.739) or the post-test (p = 0.156) results. However, significant differences between the pre-test and post-test results within each group (intervention group p = 0.001; control group p = 0.003) were found.
Conclusions
The significant differences in the pre–post comparison within the groups may indicate a high probability of a positive effect of standard dysarthria treatment on the severity of dysarthria. In between-group comparisons, the study results indicated no evidence of a significant difference between standard dysarthria treatment with or without neurodynamics. Due to the small sample size, the effectiveness of the integration of neurodynamics into speech therapy cannot be definitively concluded for now. In order to be able to have generalized applicability, future studies with larger numbers of participants are required.
AIM: In this prospective longitudinal study, the physical and psychological health status of music students is assessed at the beginning of their university music study and tracked over time. Analysis strategies and interim results from the first-year cohort, including 1-year incidences, monthly prevalences, and predictors of developing musculoskeletal health complaints (MHC), are presented.
METHODS: This prospective longitudinal study is calculated to enlist a total sample of 370 participants, including musicians and non-musicians, over 5 years. Baseline measurements include a self-designed questionnaire, core strength endurance, hypermobility, finger-floor-distance, motor control, mechanosensitivity, health-related quality of life (SF36), and stress and coping inventory (SCI). The occurrence of MHC is based on monthly online questionnaires.
RESULTS: The first-year subcohort enrolled 33 music students and 30 non-music control students. The mean monthly completion rate for the questionnaire was 55.7±8.7%. At baseline, music students showed significantly more stress symptoms, reduced physical function¬ing, and increased bodily pain compared to control students. The 1-year incidence of MHC was 59% for music students and 44% for controls. Risk factors for MHC included being a music student, previous pain, reduced physical functioning, stress symptoms, reduced emotional functioning, and mechanosensitivity. Being a music student, physical functioning, sleep duration, positive thinking, and general mechanosensitivity had a predictive ability of 0.77 (ROC curve) for MHC.
CONCLUSION: A total of 63 students enrolled in the first cohort is in line with the precalculated sample size. This prospective study design enables the measurement of MHC incidence and provides insight into mechanisms in the development of MHC among music students, including the interaction of physical, psychological, and psychosocial factors.
Introduction:
Many patients with cerebral palsy (CP) suffer chronic pain as one of the most limiting factors in their quality of life. In CP patients, pain mechanisms are not well understood, and pain therapy remains a challenge. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) might provide unique information about the functional status of the somatosensory system and therefore better guide pain treatment.
Objectives:
To understand better the underlying pain mechanisms in pediatric CP patients, we aimed to assess clinical and pain parameters, as well as QST profiles, which were matched to the patients' cerebral imaging pathology.
Patients and methods:
Thirty CP patients aged 6–20 years old (mean age 12 years) without intellectual impairment underwent standardized assessments of QST. Cerebral imaging was reassessed. QST results were compared to age- and sex-matched controls (multiple linear regression; Fisher's exact test; linear correlation analysis).
Results:
CP patients were less sensitive to all mechanical and thermal stimuli than healthy controls but more sensitive to all mechanical pain stimuli (each p < 0.001). Fifty percent of CP patients showed a combination of mechanical hypoesthesia, thermal hypoesthesia and mechanical hyperalgesia; 67% of CP patients had periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), which was correlated with mechanic (r = 0.661; p < 0.001) and thermal (r = 0.624; p = 0.001) hypoesthesia.
Conclusion:
The combination of mechanical hypoesthesia, thermal hypoesthesia and mechanical hyperalgesia in our CP patients implicates lemniscal and extralemniscal neuron dysfunction in the thalamus region, likely due to PVL. We suspect that extralemniscal tracts are involved in the original of pain in our CP patients, as in adults.
Aufgrund des demografischen Wandels und andauernden Fachkräftemangels werden alternative Versorgungsformen wie Präventive Hausbesuche (PH) benötigt. PH reduzieren die Gefahr von Pflegebedürftigkeit und ermöglichen somit älteren Menschen möglichst lange in ihrem Zuhause wohnen bleiben zu können. Das Ziel dieses Forschungsvorhabens ist die Akzeptanzanalyse PH und Messung des Effekts auf den Verlauf des Gesundheitszustands. In der Mixed-Methods-Studie werden PH als pflegerische Intervention Menschen angeboten, die zwischen 65 und 85 Jahre alt sind, Deutsch verstehen und sprechen, nicht pflegebedürftig im Sinne des SGB XI sind und in der Samtgemeinde in Niedersachsen wohnen, in der das Projekt durchgeführt wird. Die Stichprobe umfasst 75 Personen. Erwartet wird, dass die Studienergebnisse das bisherige Wissen über das Konzept der PH ergänzen.
Mit immer größerer Dringlichkeit beim globalen Klimaschutz gewinnt auch die CO2-Bilanzierung von Unternehmen und Organisationen an Bedeutung. Drei Handlungsempfehlungen gewährleisten, dass aus einer einfachen CO2-Bilanzierung eine systematische CO2-Beratung wird, die im Unternehmen einen effektiven Beitrag zum Klimaschutz leistet.
The paradox of Indian women’s declining presence in the labor market despite their
advancements in higher education leads to questions regarding how this “leaky pipeline” can be
patched and (partly) prevented. At the same time, female educational advancement in Western
countries, such as Germany, does not equate to significantly more females in leadership positions
or changes in gender role expectations. In both the Indian and German contextual setting, women
face hurdles in developing their career and the risk of lifelong dependency or poverty.
This paper clarifies the perspectives of young females on leadership careers and success
before they enter the labor market and uses the results from career research to show “blind spots”
that might lead to hurdles for their future careers. The second contribution of the paper is
envisioning future teaching that (1) prevents females from making decisions that might lead to
dependency and poverty while fulfilling organizational and societal gender role expectations and
(2) fosters organizational changes that facilitates female careers. The Paper also reflects on the
learning stages necessary for transforming theoretical knowledge into practical solutions and
promoting more equal opportunities in the labor market.
Die meisten Kinder, die einer Palliativversorgung bedürfen, leiden unter einer lebenslimitierenden Erkrankung. In Deutschland sind es schätzungsweise 60.000 Kinder und Jugendliche. Über ihre subjektive Sichtweise ist bislang wenig bekannt. Als Teil einer mehrperspektivischen Grounded Theory Studie beschreibt der Artikel die Ergebnisse zur Perspektive erkrankter Kinder. Nach ethischem Clearing wurden qualitative Interviews mit sieben schwerstkranken Kindern und weiteren an der Versorgung beteiligten Personen durchgeführt (n=23). Das Krankheitsspektrum der Kinder umfasst alle vier Kategorien einer lebenslimitierenden Erkrankung. Alle Kinder werden im häuslichen Umfeld gepflegt. Vier zentrale Phänomene skizzieren den Prozess des Kindseins mit einer lebenslimitierenden Erkrankung: (1) Pendeln zwischen guten und schlechten Tagen, (2) Ausbalancieren von Fremdbestimmung und Handlungsmacht, (3) Entwicklung einer eigenen Sicht auf das Leben sowie (4) Bewusstes Lebenwollen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das positive Selbstkonzept der Kinder im direkten Gegensatz zur tendenziell defizitären Erwachsenensicht steht. Die Ergebnisse implizieren die Notwendigkeit, Möglichkeiten zu schaffen, damit Kinder eine aktive Rolle in ihrem Leben einnehmen können.