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Aim: The aim of this study was to give an overview of family caregiver satisfaction within the home palliative care situation in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
Design: A cross-sectional study.
Methods: An anonymous questionnaire, with seven validated scales, and comprising of 71 items, was used. The items investigated perceived needs and burdens of families within a home-based palliative care situation.
The satisfaction of the family caregivers with the services delivered by palliative care teams was measured by the FAMCARE-2 Scale. Descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed.
Results: A convenience sample of 106 family members agreed to participate in the study. Overall, we found high satisfaction within our sample. There was high satisfaction with how the services respected the dignity of families, and how they provided comfort to patients. Satisfaction was lower with regard to information about patients.
Conclusion: High or low satisfaction with palliative care, tells us little about the quality of services. The high satisfaction within this study could be interpreted as a sign that palliative care was important to families at the time of availability. Regular and continuous assessment can serve to inform the continuous quality of care provision for patients and their families.
The break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991 triggered cropland abandonment on a continental scale, which in turn ledto carbon accumulation on abandoned land across Eurasia. Previous studies have estimated carbon accumulationrates across Russia based on large-scale modelling. Studies that assess carbon sequestration on abandoned land basedon robust field sampling are rare. We investigated soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks using a randomized samplingdesign along a climatic gradient from forest steppe to Sub-Taiga in Western Siberia (Tyumen Province). In total, SOCcontents were sampled on 470 plots across different soil and land-use types. The effect of land use on changes in SOCstock was evaluated, and carbon sequestration rates were calculated for different age stages of abandoned cropland.While land-use type had an effect on carbon accumulation in the topsoil (0–5 cm), no independent land-use effectswere found for deeper SOC stocks. Topsoil carbon stocks of grasslands and forests were significantly higher thanthose of soils managed for crops and under abandoned cropland. SOC increased significantly with time sinceabandonment. The average carbon sequestration rate for soils of abandoned cropland was 0.66 Mg C ha1yr1(1–20 years old, 0–5 cm soil depth), which is at the lower end of published estimates for Russia and Siberia. Therewas a tendency towards SOC saturation on abandoned land as sequestration rates were much higher for recentlyabandoned (1–10 years old, 1.04 Mg C ha1yr1) compared to earlier abandoned crop fields (11–20 years old,0.26 Mg C ha1yr1). Our study confirms the global significance of abandoned cropland in Russia for carbonsequestration. Our findings also suggest that robust regional surveys based on a large number of samples advancemodel-based continent-wide SOC prediction.
Changeprozesse gehören heute zum Tagesgeschehen, mit dem sichOrganisationen auseinander setzen müssen. Die bisherige Forschungzum Change Management bezieht sich zum überwiegenden Teil aufprivatwirtschaftliche Organisationen und es ist nicht abschließendklar, inwiefern die beforschten Zusammenhänge auf den Bereich derNonprofit Organisationen (NPO) übertragbar sind. NPO unter-scheiden sich grundlegend von privatwirtschaftlichen Unternehmenund auf ihre Besonderheiten nimmt der vorliegende Beitrag Bezug.Hierbei wird eine ganzheitliche Sichtweise gewählt, die sowohl ge-sellschaftliche, organisationale als auch individuelle Dimensionenmiteinbezieht. Am Beispiel von NPO im Kindertagesstättenbereich,als typisches Beispiel für Drittleistungs-NPO, welche von einem ra-dikalen Wandel in der deutschen Bildungslandschaft betroffen sind,und deren Beschäftigten testen wir die aus der Literatur ent-wickelten Zusammenhänge anhand eines Mehrebenenmodells. Die Ergebnisse verdeutli-chen die positive Wirksamkeit von strategischer Personalentwicklung auf die Arbeitszu-friedenheit der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter.
The primary objective of this study was to determine the structural and known-group validity as well as the inter-rater reliability of a test battery to evaluate the motor control of the craniofacial region. Seventy volunteers without TMD and 25 subjects with TMD (Axes I) per the DC/TMD were asked to execute a test battery consisting of eight tests. The tests were video-taped in the same sequence in a standardised manner. Two experienced physical therapists participated in this study as blinded assessors. We used exploratory factor analysis to identify the underlying component structure of the eight tests. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α), inter-rater reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient) and construct validity (ie, hypothesis testing-known-group validity) (receiver operating curves) were also explored for the test battery. The structural validity showed the presence of one factor underlying the construct of the test battery. The internal consistency was excellent (0.90) as well as the inter-rater reliability. All values of reliability were close to 0.9 or above indicating very high inter-rater reliability. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.93 for rater 1 and 0.94 for rater two, respectively, indicating excellent discrimination between subjects with TMD and healthy controls. The results of the present study support the psychometric properties of test battery to measure motor control of the craniofacial region when evaluated through videotaping. This test battery could be used to differentiate between healthy subjects and subjects with musculoskeletal impairments in the cervical and oro-facial regions. In addition, this test battery could be used to assess the effectiveness of management strategies in the craniofacial region.
Viele „Overhead Athletes“ leiden am Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit Syndrome (GIRD; glenohumerales Innenrotationsdefizit). Die persistierenden Schulterbeschwerden werden durch Überbelastung im oberen Quadranten verursacht. Bislang ist der Einfluss der orofazialen Region und der dentalen Okklusion auf die (motorische) Funktion bei den betroffenen Patienten nicht systematisch erforscht.
Diese Fallserie untersuchte bei (semi)professionellen Overhead Athletes die Einschränkung ihrer Innen- und Außenrotation sowie der statischen Kraft in 4 Bewegunsrichtungen. Aufgrund der Resultate wurde aus der 1. Gruppe eine 2. Gruppe gebildet, die 3 manualtherapeutische Behandlungen und anschließend eine Dentalschiene erhielt.
Die multidisziplinäre Behandlung durch den Zahnarzt und einen (spezialisierten) Manualtherapeuten reduzierte signifikant die Beschwerden und Dysfunktionen. Eine orofaziale klinische Diagnose nach den Richtlinien der Diagnostic Criteria/Temporomandibular Dysfunctions (DC/TDM) und der okklusale kinästhetische Sensibilisierungstest (OKST) scheinen prognostische Indikatoren für die Behandlung des GIRD-Syndroms zu sein.