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Clinically Significant Differences in Acute Pain Measured on Self-report Pain Scales in Children

  • Objectives The objective was to determine the minimum and ideal clinically significant differences (MCSD, ICSD) in pain intensity in children for the Faces Pain Scale–Revised (FPS-R) and the Color Analog Scale (CAS) and to identify any differences in these estimates based on patient characteristics. Methods This was a prospective study of children aged 4 to 17 years with acute pain presenting to two urban pediatric emergency departments. Participants self-reported their pain intensity using the FPS−R and CAS and qualitatively described their changes in pain. Changes in pain score reported using the FPS-R and CAS that were associated with “a little less” and “much less” pain (MCSD and ICSD, respectively) were identified using a receiver operating characteristic–based method and expressed as raw change score and percent reductions. Estimates of MCSD and ICSD were determined for each category of initial pain intensity (mild, moderate, and severe) and patient characteristics (age, sex, and ethnicity). Post hoc exploratory analyses evaluated categories of race, primary language, and etiology of pain. Results A total of 314 children with acute pain were enrolled; mean (±SD) age was 9.8 (±3.8) years. The FPS-R raw change score and percent reduction MCSD estimates were 2/10 and 25%, with ICSD estimates of 3/10 and 60%. For the CAS, raw change score and percent reduction MCSD estimates were 1/10 and 15%, with ICSD estimates of 2.75/10 and 52%. For both scales, raw change score and percent reduction estimates of the MCSD remained unchanged in children with either moderate or severe pain. For both scales, estimates of ICSD were not stable across categories of initial pain intensity. There was no difference in MCSD or ICSD based on age, sex, ethnicity, race, primary language, or etiology of pain. Conclusions The MCSD estimates can be expressed as raw change score and percent reductions for the FPS-R and CAS. These estimates appear stable for children with moderate to severe pain, irrespective of age, sex, and ethnicity. Estimates of ICSD were not stable across different categories of initial pain intensity, therefore limiting their potential generalizability.

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Metadaten
Author:Daniel S. TszeORCiD, Gerrit HirschfeldORCiD, Carl L. von BaeyerORCiD, Blake BullochORCiD, Peter S. Dayan
Title (English):Clinically Significant Differences in Acute Pain Measured on Self-report Pain Scales in Children
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.12620
ISSN:1553-2712
ISSN:1069-6563
Parent Title (English):Academic Emergency Medicine
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of Completion:2015
electronic ID:Zur Anzeige in scinos
Release Date:2021/08/11
Volume:22
Issue:4
First Page:415
Last Page:422
Faculties:Fakultät WiSo
DDC classes:600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 610 Medizin, Gesundheit
Review Status:Veröffentlichte Fassung/Verlagsversion